History of the Goat and Modern Versus Old Strategies to Enhance the Genetic Performance

Saleh, Ahmed A.; Rashad, Amr M.A.; Hassanine, Nada N A M; Sharaby, Mahmoud A.; Sallam, S. M. A.

doi:10.5772/intechopen.1001106

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 233 publications

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“…Based on recent paleogenomic evidence, goat (Capra hircus) were one of the first animals domesticated for use as livestock some 10,000 years ago from multiple wild bezoars in Southwest Asia [2]. Since domestication, they have spread throughout the globe, and currently there are more than 1 billion farmed goats with over 210 recognized breeds [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analysis uncovers novel candidate genes related to adaptation to tropical climates and milk production traits in native goats

Zhang,

Asadollahpour Nanaei,

Jafarpour Negari

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Background Since domestication, both evolutionary forces and human selection have played crucial roles in producing adaptive and economic traits, resulting in animal breeds that have been selected for specific climates and different breeding goals. Pakistani goat breeds have acquired genomic adaptations to their native climate conditions, such as tropical and hot climates. In this study, using next-generation sequencing data, we aimed to assess the signatures of positive selection in three native Pakistani goats, known as milk production breeds, that have been well adapted to their local climate. Results To explore the genomic relationship between studied goat populations and their population structure, whole genome sequence data from native goat populations in Pakistan (n = 26) was merged with available worldwide goat genomic data (n = 184), resulting in a total dataset of 210 individuals. The results showed a high genetic correlation between Pakistani goats and samples from North-East Asia. Across all populations analyzed, a higher linkage disequilibrium (LD) level (– 0.59) was found in the Pakistani goat group at a genomic distance of 1 Kb. Our findings from admixture analysis (K = 5 and K = 6) showed no evidence of shared genomic ancestry between Pakistani goats and other goat populations from Asia. The results from genomic selection analysis revealed several candidate genes related to adaptation to tropical/hot climates (such as; KITLG, HSPB9, HSP70, HSPA12B, and HSPA12B) and milk production related-traits (such as IGFBP3, LPL, LEPR, TSHR, and ACACA) in Pakistani native goat breeds. Conclusions The results from this study shed light on the structural variation in the DNA of the three native Pakistani goat breeds. Several candidate genes were discovered for adaptation to tropical/hot climates, immune responses, and milk production traits. The identified genes could be exploited in goat breeding programs to select efficient breeds for tropical/hot climate regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analysis uncovers novel candidate genes related to adaptation to tropical climates and milk production traits in native goats

Zhang,

Asadollahpour Nanaei,

Jafarpour Negari

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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“…Pakistan has 35 goat breeds (mostly of medium size) with a total population of 78.2 million. Goats belong to Bovidae family and their scientific name is Capra hircus are the most crucial contributor to the national GDP in the form of milk, meat, and skin production and also this small ruminant is a livelihood source for people of wide geographical areas of Pakistan [1,2]. Skin/hides are also very valuable for the leather industry but are unfortunately a neglected by-product of goat slaughtering [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alimentary System of Native Goat Breeds of Pakistan

Sikandar,

Nasir

2023

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Goat in Pakistan has been raised both for getting meat and milk with a total production of 748 tons of mutton and 965 tons of milk. In Pakistan, goat meat is the most preferred protein source among muttons. Goats possess a healthy alimentary canal and are mostly offered low-cost grazing land-grown roughage. A chain of tubular organs/tissues and allied glands are observed in the goat alimentary system. A healthy digestive system transforms the available nutrients after digestion and absorption into better growth performance. Only few reports available in literature focusing different local raising goat breeds, its feeding behavior, and the morphological structures of their guts. In this chapter, we tried to draw attention to the embryological development of the goat, the nutrition, and the gross/microscopic anatomy and physiology of gut, which is comprised of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas. The histology of the mucosal structures is focused for better understanding because this tunic is in contact with the ingested food particles and is playing a key role in the process of digestion and absorption. Furthermore, health and clinical issues that can occur with goat alimentary systems are also highlighted in this chapter.

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Integrative Meta-Analysis: Unveiling Genetic Factors in Meat Sheep Growth and Muscular Development through QTL and Transcriptome Studies

Rehman,

Zhen,

Ding

et al. 2024

Animals

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Objective: The study aimed to investigate the effects of castration on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in sheep, as well as explore the expression of key genes related to metabolic pathways and muscle growth following castration. Methods: A meta-analysis approach was utilized to analyze data from multiple studies to compare the performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of castrated sheep (wethers) with intact rams. Additionally, protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, differential gene expression (DEG) interactions, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were examined to identify molecular mechanisms associated with fat metabolism and muscle development in sheep tails. Results: The analysis revealed that castrated sheep (wethers) exhibited improved average daily gain, increased tenderness, lower backfat thickness, and a tendency for greater loin muscle area compared to intact rams. This suggests that castration promotes faster growth and results in leaner carcasses with potentially higher muscle content. Furthermore, the identification of downregulated DEGs like ACLY, SLC27A2, and COL1A1 and upregulated DEGs such as HOXA9, PGM2L1, and ABAT provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying fat deposition and muscle development in sheep. Conclusions: The findings support the practice of castration in sheep production as it enhances growth performance, leads to leaner carcasses with higher muscle content, and improves meat tenderness. The identified changes in gene expression offer valuable insights for further research into understanding the impact of castration on muscle development and fat metabolism in sheep. This meta-analysis contributes to the knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in fat deposition in sheep, opening avenues for future investigations in livestock fat metabolism research.

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History of the Goat and Modern Versus Old Strategies to Enhance the Genetic Performance

Cited by 4 publications

References 233 publications

Genomic analysis uncovers novel candidate genes related to adaptation to tropical climates and milk production traits in native goats

Genomic analysis uncovers novel candidate genes related to adaptation to tropical climates and milk production traits in native goats

Alimentary System of Native Goat Breeds of Pakistan

Integrative Meta-Analysis: Unveiling Genetic Factors in Meat Sheep Growth and Muscular Development through QTL and Transcriptome Studies

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