HIV-1 Subtypes Among Blood Donors From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Tanuri, Amílcar; Swanson, Priscilla; Devare, Sushil G.; Berro, O. J.; Savedra, Ana; Costa, Luciana Jesus da; Telles, J. C. F.; Brindeiro, Rodrigo M.; Schable, Charles A.; Pienia̧źek, Danuta; Rayfield, Mark

doi:10.1097/00042560-199901010-00009

Cited by 65 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This result is also in agreement with the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Brazil, where non-B virus strains are frequently found and those from clade F are the second most prevalent one (18%). Mosaics B/F, B/C, and B/D have also been reported in our country (6,26,31).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

HIV-1 subtypes and mutations associated to antiretroviral drug resistance in human isolates from Central Brazil

Cerqueira¹,

Ramalho²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The detection of polymorphisms associated to HIV-1 drug-resistance and genetic subtypes is important for the control and treatment of HIV-1 disease. Drug pressure selects resistant variants that carry mutations in the viral reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) genes. For a contribution to the public health authorities in planning the availability of therapeutic treatment, we therefore described the genetic variability, the prevalence of mutations associated to drug resistance and the antiretroviral resistance profile in HIV-1 isolates from infected individuals in Central Brazil. Nineteen HIV-1 RNA samples from a Public Health Laboratory of the Federal District were reversely transcribed and cDNAs were amplified by nested PCR. One fragment of 297 bp coding the entire protease gene, and another of 647 bp, corresponding to the partial RT gene (codons 19-234), were obtained. Automated sequencing and BLAST analysis revealed the presence of 17 B and 2 F1 HIV-1 subtypes. The amino acid sequences were analyzed for the presence of resistance-associated mutations. A total of 6 PR mutations, 2 major and 4 accessory, and 8 RT mutations related to drug resistance were found. Our data suggest a high prevalence of HIV-1 B subtype in the studied population of Federal District as well as the presence of genetically-resistant strains in individuals failing treatment.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

HIV-1 subtypes and mutations associated to antiretroviral drug resistance in human isolates from Central Brazil

Cerqueira¹,

Ramalho²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2004

Braz. J. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The M (main) group, the widest spread, has been further subdivided into at least nine subtypes (A-D, F-H, J, and K) and 32 circulating recombinant forms (CRF), whereas a high diversity of unique intersubtype recombinant forms has also been demonstrated (Leitner et al 2005). In Brazil, molecular analyses of HIV-1 nucleotide sequences have shown an epidemic driven mainly by three group M subtypes: B, C, and subsubtype F1 (heretofore designated subtype F1), as well as a myriad of unique BF1 intersubtype recombinants (Morgado et al 1998, Tanuri et al 1999, Vicente et al 2000, Soares et al 2003. Isolated cases of other subtypes, such as subtype D (Morgado et al 1998, CoutoFernandez et al 2006), subtype A (Caride et al 2000, CRF02_AG (Pires et al 2004, Couto-Fernandez et al 2005), CRF28_BF and CRF29_BF (De Sa Filho et al 2006 have also been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autochthonous horizontal transmission of a CRF02_AG strain revealed by a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 diversity survey in a small city in inner state of Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil

Eyer-Silva

Morgado

2007

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key words: Brazil -CRF02_AG -human immunodeficiency virus type 1 -molecular epidemiology -transmission clustersThe extremely high genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been successfully used to study the regional and global distribution of different viral groups and subtypes (Hu et al. 1996) and makes it possible to trace patterns of viral spread between populations, groups and people (Kuiken et al. 2000). Phylogenetic analysis allows classification of HIV-1 strains into three groups: M, N and O. The M (main) group, the widest spread, has been further subdivided into at least nine subtypes (A-D, F-H, J, and K) and 32 circulating recombinant forms (CRF), whereas a high diversity of unique intersubtype recombinant forms has also been demonstrated (Leitner et al. 2005). In Brazil, molecular analyses of HIV-1 nucleotide sequences have shown an epidemic driven mainly by three group M subtypes: B, C, and subsubtype F1 (heretofore designated subtype F1), as well as a myriad of unique BF1 intersubtype recombinants (Morgado et al. 1998, Tanuri et al. 1999, Vicente et al. 2000, Soares et al. 2003. Isolated cases of other subtypes, such as subtype D (Morgado et al. 1998, CoutoFernandez et al. 2006), subtype A (Caride et al. 2000, CRF02_AG (Pires et al. 2004, Couto-Fernandez et al. 2005), CRF28_BF and CRF29_BF (De Sa Filho et al. 2006 have also been reported.Phylogenetic analyses of HIV-1 nucleotide sequences are being increasingly used to better understand epidemiological patterns of viral spread. Such studies have proven to be invaluable to clarify the routes of viral transmission in community settings (Holmes et al. 1995, Brown et al. 1997, to establish (Ou et al. 1992, Blanchard et al. 1998 or rule out (Holmes et al. 1993, Jaffe et al. 1994) iatrogenic viral transmission, to study the pathways of viral spread among clusters of patients (Leitner et al. 1996, Robbins et al. 2002, to trace the geographic origin of recently introduced subtypes (Gao et al. 1996, Kato et al. 1999, Yu et al. 2001, CoutoFernandez et al. 2006, to infer the demographic history and date of origin of epidemic spread (Robbins et al. 2003, Bello et al. 2006, to investigate unusual forms of viral transmission (Goujon et al. 2000, Andreo et al. 2004, and has also found forensic applications (Albert et al. 1994, Banaschak et al. 2000, Metzker et al. 2002, Lemey et al. 2005. Phylogenetic analyses of HIV-1 sequences have also been used to provide evidence of a high incidence molecular profile, as evidenced by multiple transmission clusters, low level of sequence diversity and signature amino acid substitutions (Liitsola et al. 1998, Oelrichs et al. 2000, Shankarappa et al. 2001, Nguyen et al. 2002, and of an old and mature epidemic pattern, given the high sequence diversity and the absence of transmission clusters (Vidal et al. 2000, Trask et al. 2002.It is known that the AIDS epidemic in Brazil is spreading from the large urban centers towards small cities and the innermost parts of the country (Szwarcwald et al. 20...

show abstract

“…There are also B/F, B/C, and B/D mosaics (20,23,26). The prevalence of circulating drug-resistant strains of virus in Brazil has been reported only for drug-naive and treated adults (3,5,6,27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Genotypic and Phenotypic Resistance in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates of Clade B and Other Clades from Children Failing Antiretroviral Therapy

Brindeiro

Mortensen³

et al. 2002

J Clin Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emergence of resistance to antiretroviral drugs is a major obstacle to the successful treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. In this work, we correlate clinical and virological trends such as viral load (VL) and CD4 counts to genotypic and phenotypic antiretroviral (ARV) resistance profiles of HIV-1 isolates from the B and non-B subtypes found in vertically infected children failing ARV therapy. Plasma samples were collected from 52 vertically HIV-1-infected children failing different ARV therapies. Samples underwent HIV-1 pol sequencing and phenotyping and were clustered into subtypes by phylogenetic analysis. Clinical data from each patient were analyzed together with the resistance (genotypic and phenotypic) data obtained. Thirty-five samples were from subtype B, 10 samples were non-B (subtypes A, C, and F), and 7 were mosaic samples. There was no significant difference concerning treatment data between B and non-B clades. Prevalence of known drug resistance mutations revealed slightly significant differences among B and non-B subtypes: L10I, 21 and 64%, K20R, 13 and 43%, M36I, 34 and 100%, L63P, 76 and 36%, A71V/T, 24 and 0%, and V77I, 32 and 0%, respectively, in the protease (0.0001 < P < 0.0886), and D67N, 38 and 8%, K70R, 33 and 0%, R211K, 49 and 85%, and K219Q/E, 31 and 0%, respectively, in the reverse transcriptase (0.0256 < P < 0.0704). Significant differences were found only in secondary resistance mutations and did not reflect significant phenotypic variation between clade B and non-B.

show abstract

HIV-1 Subtypes Among Blood Donors From Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cited by 65 publications

References 11 publications

HIV-1 subtypes and mutations associated to antiretroviral drug resistance in human isolates from Central Brazil

HIV-1 subtypes and mutations associated to antiretroviral drug resistance in human isolates from Central Brazil

Autochthonous horizontal transmission of a CRF02_AG strain revealed by a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 diversity survey in a small city in inner state of Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil

Testing Genotypic and Phenotypic Resistance in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates of Clade B and Other Clades from Children Failing Antiretroviral Therapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About