HIV-1 Subtypes and Recombinants

Different Rates of Disease Progression of HIV Type 1 Infection in Tanzania Based on Infecting Subtype

“…The log-rank test, however, did not reveal a significant difference between subtypes ( ) (table 3). Seventy-four P p .11 subjects (17.3%) were excluded from this analysis because they had 1 of the following findings: no record of any CD4 + cell count ( ) [1] or a baseline CD4 + cell count that was n p 15 already !200 cells/mm 3 ( ) [2]. The percentage of exn p 59 cluded subjects was similar across subtype categories.…”

“…In subSaharan Africa, home to ∼26.6 million HIV-infected persons (∼63% of global infections) [1,2], more information about the pathogenic and clinical consequences of HIV-1 subtypes is needed.…”

HIV Type 1 Subtype Surveillance in Central Kenya

“…1,2 HIV-1 has evolved into different subtypes and subsubtypes that differ in geographic distribution across the world. 3 The large genomic diversity of HIV-1 in different geographic regions is a consequence of the high mismatch error rate of the HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme coupled with the absence of an exonuclease proofreading activity. 4 As a result of this, three groups of HIV-1 have evolved across the globe: M (major), O (outlying), and N (new).…”

Genetic Diversity and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1: Implications and Impact

“…Other factors which contribute to genetic diversity include the replicative rate of each viral subtype, mutational changes arising in each replicative cycle, genomic recombination and viral fitness Spira, 2003). Evolutionary changes in the genome may result from host, environmental and other selective pressures (Hu, 2005;Piot, 2002;Quinones-Mateu, 1999;Renjifo, 2002).…”