2021
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.693706
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HIV-1 Transactivator of Transcription (Tat) Co-operates With AP-1 Factors to Enhance c-MYC Transcription

Abstract: HIV-1 infection often leads to the development of co-morbidities including cancer. Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is one of the most over-represented non-Hodgkin lymphoma among HIV-infected individuals, and displays a highly aggressive phenotype in this population group, with comparatively poorer outcomes, despite these patients being on anti-retroviral therapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that the molecular pathogenesis of HIV-associated malignancies is unique, with components of the virus playing an active role i… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Human immunodeficiency virus induces c-myc dysregulation in B cells, and levels of viral RNA and myc expression correlate ( 235 ). Expression of the highly oncogenic transcription factor c-myc is enhanced at the transcriptional and translational levels in the presence of HIV-1 Tat protein ( 236 ).…”
Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Human immunodeficiency virus induces c-myc dysregulation in B cells, and levels of viral RNA and myc expression correlate ( 235 ). Expression of the highly oncogenic transcription factor c-myc is enhanced at the transcriptional and translational levels in the presence of HIV-1 Tat protein ( 236 ).…”
Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Here we focused on Vpr, but other viral proteins such as Tat, Nef, gp120, and p17 have been reported to be present in patients' blood under ART [13][14][15][16][17]. Of these viral proteins, Tat is involved in the transcriptional activation of host cell genes such as oncogenic c-MYC and activation-induced cytidine deaminase in B-cells, leading to B-cell malignancies [91,92]. HIV-1 p17, a structural matrix protein, promotes angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis [93,94].…”
Section: Plos Onementioning
confidence: 99%
“…BL is one of the most common NHLs affecting HIV-positive individuals, and in developing countries, which carry the highest HIV burden worldwide, patients typically present with late-stage disease requiring aggressive treatment [ 12 , 13 ]. Importantly, recent evidence has emerged in support of HIV and HIV-1 encoded proteins having direct oncogenic effects, particularly in the development of BL, and therefore the pathobiology of HIV-associated cancers is unique and distinct from cancers of the same type that do not develop within an HIV-positive background [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. This is likely to include alterations in miRNA expression.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%