HIV-1 Transmissions Among Recently Infected Individuals in Southwest China are Predominantly Derived from Circulating Local Strains

Luo

Pan

et al. 2019

CHR

Self Cite

The aim of this review is to describe long-term HIV epidemiology and prevention trends in Guangxi, a provincial-level region located along a major drug trafficking corridor in southwestern China. Between 1996 and 2006, HIV transmission in Guangxi was primarily fueled by Injection Drug Use (IDU). Since 2006, heterosexual sex has become the dominant mode of HIV transmission, followed by drug injection. Moreover, older, heterosexual adults appear to be at increased risk for HIV. The vast majority of new HIV cases are attributed to local HIV subtypes already circulating within Guangxi (93%), though imported subtypes are associated with younger age groups. Since 2011, HIV incidence in Guangxi has stabilized, due in part to HIV prevention efforts that include expanded HIV testing, antiretroviral treatment, and other intervention measures. Between 1996 and 2017, Guangxi, China experienced dramatic changes in the primary HIV transmission mode and at-risk age group. Due in part to local and National AIDS control and prevention campaigns, HIV incidence trends in Guangxi no longer appear to be increasing.

Section: Hiv Molecular Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Epidemiology and Prevention in Southwestern China: Trends from 1996-2017

Luo

Pan

et al. 2019

CHR

Self Cite

“…A study conducted in Guangxi in 2013 targeting newly diagnosed HIV positive cases aged 18 years or older identified four circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) among MSM cases comprising CRF07_BC (44.4%), CRF01_AE (38.9%), CRF55_01B (11.1%) and CRF08_BC (5.6%) 11 . However, in recent years, with the development of modern transportation, especially the establishment of high speed rail, MSM traveling to seek sexual partners outside of their local residence has become more common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1 subtype diversity and transmission strain source among men who have sex with men in Guangxi, China

Shen

Feng

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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With the rapid increase in HIV prevalence of men who have sex with men (MSM) in recent years and common human migration and travelling across different provinces in China, MSM are now finding it easier to meet each other, which might contribute to local HIV epidemics as well as fueling cross-province transmission. We performed a cross-sectional survey in 2018–2019 to investigate the current HIV subtype diversity and inferred HIV strain transmission origin among MSM in Guangxi province, China based on a phylogenetic analysis. Based on 238 samples, we found that the HIV-1 subtype diversity was more complicated than before, except for three major HIV subtypes/circulating recombinant forms (CRFs): CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, CRF55_01B, five other subtypes/CRFs (CRF59_01B, B, CRF08_BC, CRF67_01B, CRF68_01B) and five unique recombinant forms (URFs) were detected. In total, 76.8% (169/220) of samples were infected with HIV from local circulating strains, while others originated from other provinces, predominantly Guangdong and Shanghai. The high diversity of HIV recombinants and complicated HIV transmission sources in Guangxi MSM indicates that there has been an active sexual network between HIV positive MSM both within and outside Guangxi without any effective prevention. Inter-province collaboration must be enforced to provide tailored HIV prevention and control services to MSM in China.

“…However, studies focused on CRF01_AE featured small participant numbers and short follow-up periods, which necessitates broader comparisons between one genotype and all other genotypes grouped together. Furthermore, only a few studies have focused on the CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC genotypes, which are prevalent in China 12 – 14 . In addition, the effects of CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, and CRF08_BC have not been directly assessed using mortality as a study end point for either ART-naïve participants or those on ART.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of HIV-1 genotype on baseline CD4+ cell count and mortality before and after antiretroviral therapy

Cao

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

To assess whether human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotype influences baseline CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4+) cell count and mortality of patients. The study was conducted from 2014 to 2019 in Guangxi, China, and included 2845 newly diagnosed HIV patients. We used a median regression model to compare CD4+ cell counts in patients newly diagnosed with different HIV-1 genotypes, and a Cox regression model to analyze the associations between HIV-1 genotypes and mortality before and after antiretroviral treatment (ART). In newly diagnosed HIV patients, the baseline CD4+ cell counts of patients with CRF01_AE were significantly lower than those of patients with CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC, and other genotypes. Compared with CRF01_AE, patients infected with CRF07_BC (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI 0.36–0.85), CRF08_BC (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% CI 0.52–0.85), or other genotypes (hazard ratio, 0.52; 95% CI 0.29–0.94) had significantly lower mortality rates before ART. There were no significant associations between different HIV-1 genotypes and mortality after ART. HIV-1 genotype significantly influences baseline CD4+ cell count and mortality before ART in newly diagnosed HIV patients. We find no significant difference in the outcome of death after ART in patients with different HIV-1 genotypes.