HIV-2 in Rhesus Monkeys: Serological, Virological and Clinical Results

Dormont, Dominique; Livartowski, J; Chamaret, S.; Guétard, Denise; Hénin, Dominique; Levagueresse, R; Pf, van de Moortelle; Larke, Bryce; Gourmelon, P.; Vazeux, R.

doi:10.1159/000150125

Cited by 54 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The lymph node pathology in HIV-2-infected animals was similar to that seen in some HIV-2-infected macaques and in HIV-1-infected humans (4,11,12,32,34,35) and was most progressive after the third serial passage (i.e., baboons 11966, 12741, and 12933). In addition, the uneven distribution of follicular dendritic cell-bound HIV is also often seen in cases of HIV-1 infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Increased Virus Replication and Virulence after Serial Passage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 in Baboons

Locher

Witt

Herndier

et al. 2003

J Virol

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Similar to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of humans, the natural history of HIV-2 infection in baboons (Papio cynocephalus) is a slow and chronic disease that generally takes several years before an AIDS-like condition develops. To shorten the amount of time to the development of disease, we performed five serial passages of HIV-2 UC2 in baboons by using blood and bone marrow samples during the acute phase of infection when viral loads were at high levels. After these serial passages, virus levels in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and lymphatic tissues in the acutely infected baboons were increased. Within 1 year of the HIV-2 infection, all of the inoculated baboons showed specific signs of AIDS-related disease progression within the lymphatic tissues, such as vascular proliferation and lymphoid depletion. The HIV-2 UC2 recovered after four serial passages showed increased kinetics of viral replication in baboon PBMC and cytopathicity. This study suggests that the HIV-2 isolate recovered after several serial passages in baboons will be useful in future studies of AIDS pathogenesis and vaccine development by using this animal model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…HIV-1 and HIV-2 isolates have been inoculated into several nonhuman primates (1,11,18,33,40), but with HIV-2, only baboons (Papio cynocephalus) and pig-tailed macaques develop an AIDS-like disease (3,28,31,32). The infection course in baboons resembles the slow, lentiviral disease progression that is observed in chronic HIV-1 infection in humans.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Virus Replication and Virulence after Serial Passage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 in Baboons

Locher

Witt

Herndier

et al. 2003

J Virol

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“…The best established animal model for vaccine studies are macaques infectable with SIV or HIV-2 (Putkonen et al, 1989;Dormont et al, 1989;Stahl-Hennig et al, 1990). Protection against SIV or HIV-2 infection by immunization with formalininactivated (Desrosiers et al, 1989;Murphey-Corb et al, 1989;Carlson et aL, 1990) or detergent-treated virus (Desrosiers et al, 1989;Putkonen et aL, 1991;StahlHennig et al, 1992) can be achieved reproducibly, but so far there is no parameter available which predicts protection in the animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential significance of the cellular immune response against the macaque strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVMAC) in immunized and infected rhesus macaques

Voss

Nick

Stahl–Hennig∥

et al. 1992

Journal of General Virology

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The cellular immune response of seven rhesus macaques immunized with Tween-ether-treated macaque strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVMAc) and three non-vaccinated control animals was investigated. Immunization elicited antigen-specific proliferating CD4 ÷ cells in five of seven monkeys. Proliferating T cells were found in all animals protected from a first virus challenge. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were not induced by the immunization. After the second challenge, the four formerly protected animals became infected, despite a strong proliferative CD4 ÷ cell activity in three of them. All animals lost their proliferative activity 2 weeks after infection. After the first challenge four of the six infected animals exhibited a CTL response and after the second challenge, one of four newly infected macaques acquired a CTL response. The five animals with a CTL activity against SIVMAc proteins were protected from severe thrombocytopenia, which appeared in the five CTL-negative animals after infection. Our data show the induction of proliferative T cells by immunization with soluble SIVMAc antigen. This T cell reactivity was found in all animals protected from the first virus challenge, but did not confer protection from the second challenge. Interestingly, the proliferative T cell reactivity disappeared 2 weeks after virus infection. Furthermore a CTL response against viral proteins seems to protect infected animals from severe thrombocytopenia which is an early sign of AIDS in monkeys.

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“…Human thymopoiesis was confirmed by flowcytometric analysis (see below) of the thymocytes The development of animal models of HIV infection and AIDS is essential for better understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV-induced immune deficiency and diseases, for testing new therapies involving candidate anti-HIV agents and for testing candidate vaccines. Although some nonhuman primate models for HIV infections have been reported by using the chimpanzee [1], gibbon ape [11] and macaques that are susceptible to only HIV-2 [3], the availability of the models is limited because of the lack of progression to disease states in these species and difficult obtainabilities of setting up these animal experiments of HIV infections. Therefore, murine model for HIV infections seems to be critical and much more useful if we are to evaluate the usefulness of various new therapies and candidate vaccines.…”

Section: Construction Of Scid-hu Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Simple i.v. Inoculation of HIV-1 to Thy/Liv SCID-hu Mice Induce Reproducible HIV Infection with Narrowing of Medulla in Human Thymic Implant.

Okamoto

Ogura

Shibata

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Human fetal thymus/liver engrafted SCID mice were constructed and studied for its susceptibility to HIV BRU infection by i.v. inoculation which seemed to represent an appropriate route of HIV infection in vivo. By the i.v. inoculation of HIV, the medulla in the engrafted thymus narrowed significantly when compared with that of the human thymic implant from virus-uninoculated mice. Further, immunohistochemical staining indicated the presence of HIV antigen predominantly in thymic epithelial cells in medulla of the engrafted thymus. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays resulted in amplifications of HIV genome in the implanted grafts as well as in lymph nodes and PBMC. The virus infections to the implants were confirmed biologically by coculturing with PHA-stimulated human PBMC and the graft cells from the HIV-inoculated SCID-hu mice. Thus, the i.v. inoculation of HIV into Thy/Liv SCID-hu mice induce narrowing of medulla of the engrafted thymus and may become an efficient and useful tool for screening candidate anti-HIV agents.-KEY WORDS: HIV-1, SCID-hu mouse, small animal model for AIDS.

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HIV-2 in Rhesus Monkeys: Serological, Virological and Clinical Results

Cited by 54 publications

References 3 publications

Increased Virus Replication and Virulence after Serial Passage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 in Baboons

Increased Virus Replication and Virulence after Serial Passage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 in Baboons

Potential significance of the cellular immune response against the macaque strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVMAC) in immunized and infected rhesus macaques

Simple i.v. Inoculation of HIV-1 to Thy/Liv SCID-hu Mice Induce Reproducible HIV Infection with Narrowing of Medulla in Human Thymic Implant.

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