HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa: a positive future

Baghi, Hossein Bannazadeh; Soroush, Mohammad Hossein

doi:10.1136/sextrans-2018-053695

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The AIDS epidemic varies dramatically from northern to southern African states. Northern Africa has significantly lower prevalence rates, as their populations typically engage in fewer high-risk cultural patterns that promote virus spread [1,2,7,8]. Southern Africa is the worst affected region on the continent, with approximately 25% of new infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in African Countries: A Comprehensive Overview

et al. 2020

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The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) originated in non-human primates in West-central Africa and continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed almost 33 million lives so far. In Africa, it is estimated that more than 20 million people are living with HIV/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and that more than 730,000 new HIV-1 infections still occur each year, likely due to low access to testing. The high genetic variability of HIV-1, due to a fast replication cycle and high mutation rate, may cause the generation of many viral variants in a single infected patient during a single day. Therefore, the active monitoring and characterization of the HIV-1 subtypes and recombinant forms circulating through African countries poses a significant challenge to more specific diagnoses, treatments, care, and intervention strategies. In this review, a concise characterization of all the subtypes and recombinant forms circulating in Africa is presented to highlight the magnitude of the HIV-1 threat among the African countries and to understand virus genetic diversity and dispersion dynamics better.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in African Countries: A Comprehensive Overview

et al. 2020

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“…It is precisely in that direction that the following interventions and measures should be undertaken by policymakers, health-sector professionals and civil society: [44][45][46][47][48][49][50] • Strengthen education on HIV/AIDS disease, by using modern information and communication technologies; 12 • Identify key populations and ensure equitable access to prevention and social protection; • Promote inclusive governance for health; 12 • Raise peoples' awareness on WHO QoL and well-being and their role to contribute in improving QoL determinants;…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of Life of People Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Monastir, Tunisia

Berrezouga,

Kooli,

Marrakchi

et al. 2023

HIV

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Despite the benefits of an efficient antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV/AIDS epidemic still represents the most seriousaffection worldwide that negatively impacts people's quality of life (QoL). As no studies exist on QoL in Tunisia, the aim of the present work was i: to assess, based on WHOQOL-HIV BREF tool, the perception of QoL of people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving ART and ii: to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic features, disease-related variables and QoL domains' mean scores. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of infectious diseases of F. Bourguiba Teaching Hospital in Monastir, Tunisia. One hundred and five participants receiving ART were involved. QoL assessment was based on the WHOQOL-HIV Bref including six domains with 29 items with scores ranged from the lowest (4) to the highest (20). Results were reported as frequencies and means (±SD). The Student's t-test for independent samples and the one-way ANOVA were performed to assess differences in QoL mean scores. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate predictors of QoL. The confidence interval was set at 95%. Results: Clients' mean age was 39.20±10.18 years old with a male to female sex ratio of 3.12. Low mean scores were seen with the environment (12.34±2.90), social relations (12.58±3.94) and psychological domains (12.76±3.31), and moderate mean scores were noted for the physical (14.11±3.52), the spiritual (14.05±3.78) and the level of independence (13.98±3.57) domains. Regression analysis showed that health status and feeling healthy were related to all QoL domains and that profession, marital status and the presence of a confident person were related to environment and spiritual domains. Conclusion: QoL of PLHIV on ART is affected. Concrete measures and strategies should be undertaken by healthcare stakeholders to improve QoL determinants.

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“…In a recent work, Daw et al, 2019, reported that from 1993 to 2017 the total number of people registered and living with HIV (PLHIV) in Libya was 8486 which represents a low prevalence rate [3]. Bannazadeh and Soroush 2019, suggested that the decreased prevalence rates of HIV are due to that the MENA countries (including Libya) are religiously and culturally conservative [4]. These facts were confirmed by previous work between 1986 to 1987, which found no positive HIV cases among 2064 Libyans form both genders screened for HIV Giasuddin et al, [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Abnormalities among Libyan HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral (ARV) Drugs and ARV Naïve Patients

Younis¹,

El-Sherif²,

Alhaddad³

2022

JAMMR

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Introduction: Majority of untreated or Anti-Retroviral (ARV) treated HIV subjects may experience a lot of metabolic alterations including dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy and insulin resistance. Aim: Due to the shortage of research data related to HIV infection. We conducted this study to assess the lipid profile in HIV infected subjects and to find a correlation between liver function enzymes and other biomarkers and serum lipid alterations among Libyan HIV subjects. Materials and Methods: Case control study included 121 Libyan HIV-1 positive subjects (101 subjects were on First-line ARV treatment regimens and 21 untreated "Naïve") from Benghazi Medical Center (BMC) and Benghazi center for infectious diseases and immunology (BCIDI) during 2018-2019 to evaluate lipid profile and other biochemical parameters. Control group included 70 age-matched HIV negative individuals. The age range of the study participants was 20-45 years. Results: The means of CD4 count in the ARV treated HIV subjects were significantly (P <0.014) lower compared CD4 count of untreated HIV group. The mean total cholesterol (TC) level of ARV treated HIV subjects (174 ± 42 mg/dl) was significantly (P<0.012) increased compared to untreated HIV subjects (149 ± 31mg/dl). In accordance, LDL-C levels showed a significant (P <0.014) increase in the ARV treated HIV subjects compared to the untreated HIV subjects. On the other hand, mean HDL-C showed no significant alteration in the ARV treated HIV subjects compared to untreated HIV subjects. Conclusion: In ARV-treated HIV patients showed higher TC and LDL-C suggesting a role of these drugs upon lipid metabolism. The mechanism by which HIV drugs affect lipid profile need to be fully understood by further research. Unaltered HDL-C and LDL/HDL atherogenic risk ratio indicate reduced risk for developing cardiovascular disease among HIV subjects.

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HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa: a positive future

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in African Countries: A Comprehensive Overview

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 in African Countries: A Comprehensive Overview

Quality of Life of People Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Monastir, Tunisia

Lipid Abnormalities among Libyan HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral (ARV) Drugs and ARV Naïve Patients

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