HIV/AIDS infection in Ukraine: a review of epidemiological data

Burruano, Larissa

doi:10.1186/1742-4690-7-s1-p1

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This study aimed to give frontline service providers the tools to develop programs that are potentially more sustainable because they reflect expertise and needs within the organization. In this particular case, the programs developed by study agencies reflected the epidemiological shift from primarily drug use to heterosexually driven (Burruano, 2010; Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 2010). By teaching service providers the fundamental components common to effective, evidence-based HIV prevention interventions, organizations can more rapidly respond to local changes in HIV epidemiology and other trends.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We did not anticipate that many study agencies would choose to develop programs for women. The programs developed by study agencies reflect the epidemiological transition from an epidemic driven primarily by drug use to heterosexual transmission, as well as shifting interest to HIV prevention among women from primary donor organizations in Ukraine (Burruano, 2010; Gaventa, 2013; Ministry of Health of Ukraine, 2010; “Ukraine Harmonized AIDS Response Progress Report,” 2014). Moreover, while globally men represent the majority of those who inject drugs, women in Ukraine who inject drugs have higher rates of HIV than men and are at increased risk for HIV due to both drug and sex-related risks (Corsi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A “Common Factors” Approach to Developing Culturally Tailored HIV Prevention Interventions

et al. 2015

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The current dominant model of HIV prevention intervention dissemination involves packaging interventions developed in one context, training providers to implement that specific intervention, and evaluating the extent to which providers implement it with fidelity. Research shows that providers rarely implement these programs with fidelity due to perceived incompatibility, resource constraints, and preference for locally generated solutions. In this study, we used the concept of “common factors,” or broad constructs shared by most evidence-based HIV prevention interventions, to train service providers to develop their own programs. We recruited eight Ukrainian HIV prevention organizations from regions with HIV epidemics concentrated among people who inject drugs. We trained staff to identify HIV risk behaviors and determinants, construct behavior change logic models, and develop and manualize an intervention. We systematically reviewed each manual to assess intervention format and content and determine whether the program met intervention criteria as taught during training. All agencies developed programs that reflected common factors of effective behavior change HIV prevention interventions. Each agency’s program targeted a unique population that reflected local HIV epidemiology. All programs incorporated diverse pedagogical strategies that focused on skill-building, goal-setting, communication, and empowerment. Agencies struggled to limit information dissemination and the overall scope and length of their programs. We conclude that training service providers to develop their own programs based on common elements of effective behavior change interventions can potentially transform existing processes of program development, implementation, and capacity building. Expanding this model will require committed training and support resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A “Common Factors” Approach to Developing Culturally Tailored HIV Prevention Interventions

et al. 2015

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“…Similar to other countries, in Ukraine, donor mandates have spurred increased attention to women, substance use and HIV risk (Burruano 2010; Gaventa 2013; Ukrainian Ministry of Health 2010; Ukraine Harmonized AIDS Response Progress Report 2014). For example, in 2010 the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) – a significant source of funds for HIV-related programmes in Ukraine – partnered with the Alliance for Public Health (formerly the International HIV/AIDS Alliance in Ukraine) to launch several initiatives to help understand and address the needs of women who use drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Pure’ drug users, commercial sex workers and ‘ordinary girls’: gendered narratives of HIV risk and prevention in post-Soviet Ukraine

Owczarzak

Phillips

Cho

2018

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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International best practices call for a gender-responsive approach to HIV prevention for women, including those who use drugs and those who engage in sex work. This paper draws on multiple qualitative data sources collected over five years in Ukraine to explore the notions of gender, women and family that buttress HIV-related programmes for women. Our analysis reveals that service providers often cast women as hapless victims of unfortunate family circumstances and troubled personal relationships that produce sudden poverty, or social strivers who seek access to wealth and privilege at the expense of their health. Women are portrayed as most vulnerable to HIV when they lack a male 'protector'. We argue that the programmes constituted around these stereotypes of women and their vulnerabilities reflect new forms of institutional power that deflect attention away from gendered socio-economic processes that contribute to women's HIV vulnerability, including job insecurity and unemployment, workplace discrimination, unreliable social benefits and power imbalances within their relationships. We explore how to transform HIV prevention efforts to better address the causes of women's increased vulnerability to HIV in Ukraine and in Eastern Europe more generally.

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A novel, bottom-up approach to promote evidence-based HIV prevention for people who inject drugs in Ukraine: protocol for the MICT (‘Bridge’) HIV prevention exchange project

2014

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BackgroundUkraine has one of the most severe HIV epidemics in Eastern Europe, with an estimated 1.6% of the adult population living with the virus. Injection drug use accounts for 36% of new HIV cases. Nongovernmental organizations in Ukraine have little experience with effective, theory-based behavioral risk reduction interventions necessary to reduce the scope of the HIV epidemic among Ukrainians who inject drugs. This study seeks to promote the use of evidence-based HIV prevention strategies among Ukrainian organizations working with drug users.Methods/designThis study combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore a model of HIV prevention intervention development and implementation that disseminates common factors of effective behavioral risk reduction interventions and enables service providers to develop programs that reflect their specific organizational contexts. Eight agencies, located in regions of Ukraine with the highest HIV and drug use rates and selected to represent key organizational context criteria (e.g., agency size, target population, experience with HIV prevention), will be taught common factors as the basis for intervention development. We will use qualitative methods, including interviews and observations, to document the process of intervention development and implementation at each agency. Using risk assessments with intervention participants, we will also assess intervention effectiveness.The primary outcome analyses will determine the extent to which agencies develop and implement an intervention for drug users that incorporates common factors of effective behavioral interventions. Effectiveness analyses will be conducted, and effect size of each intervention will be compared to that of published HIV prevention interventions for drug users with demonstrated effectiveness. This study will explore the role of organizational context on intervention development and implementation, including resource allocation decisions, problem-solving around intervention development, and barriers and facilitators to inclusion of common factors and delivery of a high quality intervention.DiscussionThis innovative approach to HIV prevention science dissemination and intervention development draws on providers’ ability to quickly develop innovative programs and reach populations in greatest need of services. It has the potential to enhance providers’ ability to use HIV prevention science to develop sustainable interventions in response to a rapidly changing epidemic.

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HIV/AIDS infection in Ukraine: a review of epidemiological data

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

A “Common Factors” Approach to Developing Culturally Tailored HIV Prevention Interventions

A “Common Factors” Approach to Developing Culturally Tailored HIV Prevention Interventions

‘Pure’ drug users, commercial sex workers and ‘ordinary girls’: gendered narratives of HIV risk and prevention in post-Soviet Ukraine

A novel, bottom-up approach to promote evidence-based HIV prevention for people who inject drugs in Ukraine: protocol for the MICT (‘Bridge’) HIV prevention exchange project

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