HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria in Pregnancy

Ezechi, Oliver; Petterson, Karen Odberg; Byamugisha, Josaphat

doi:10.1155/2012/140826

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…If one takes into account that approximately 1,000,000 pregnancies per year are complicated by malaria and HIV co-infection [18], and that the rate of TB/HIV co-infection is approximately 30% [18], there is the potential for 300,000 pregnancies per year complicated by triple infection. Maternal nutritional status, another predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes, is compounded by AIDS and a low BMI, which is shown by our data to be associated with mortality risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Maternal Mortality with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Malawi and Mozambique

et al. 2013

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BackgroundHIV infection is a major contributor to maternal mortality in resource-limited settings. The Drug Resource Enhancement Against AIDS and Malnutrition Programme has been promoting HAART use during pregnancy and postpartum for Prevention-of-mother-to-child-HIV transmission (PMTCT) irrespective of maternal CD4 cell counts since 2002.MethodsRecords for all HIV+ pregnancies followed in Mozambique and Malawi from 6/2002 to 6/2010 were reviewed. The cohort was comprised by pregnancies where women were referred for PMTCT and started HAART during prenatal care (n = 8172, group 1) and pregnancies where women were referred on established HAART (n = 1978, group 2).Results10,150 pregnancies were followed. Median (IQR) baseline values were age 26 years (IQR:23–30), CD4 count 392 cells/mm3 (IQR:258–563), Viral Load log10 3.9 (IQR:3.2–4.4), BMI 23.4 (IQR:21.5–25.7), Hemoglobin 10.0 (IQR: 9.0–11.0). 101 maternal deaths (0.99%) occurred during pregnancy to 6 weeks postpartum: 87 (1.1%) in group 1 and 14 (0.7%) in group 2. Mortality was 1.3% in women with

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Maternal Mortality with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Malawi and Mozambique

et al. 2013

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“…In sub Saharan African countries where cervical cancer is endemic; HIV infection has become one of the leading causes of death in women [5], making the interactions between the diseases a major public health challenge [6]. The risk of developing cervical cancer and increased aggressiveness of existing cervical cancer has been reported in HIV infected women [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness and acceptability of cervical cancer screening among HIV positive Nigerian women

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe proven benefit of integrating cervical cancer screening programme into HIV care has led to its adoption as a standard of care. However this is not operational in most HIV clinics in Nigeria. Of the various reasons given for non-implementation, none is backed by scientific evidence. This study was conducted to assess the willingness and acceptability of cervical cancer screening among HIV positive Nigerian women.MethodsA cross sectional study of HIV positive women attending a large HIV treatment centre in Lagos, Nigeria. Respondents were identified using stratified sampling method. A pretested questionnaire was used to obtain information by trained research assistants. Obtained information were coded and managed using SPSS for windows version 19. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine independent predictor for acceptance of cervical cancer screening.ResultsOf the 1517 respondents that returned completed questionnaires, 853 (56.2%) were aware of cervical cancer. Though previous cervical cancer screening was low at 9.4%, 79.8% (1210) accepted to take the test. Cost of the test (35.2%) and religious denial (14.0%) were the most common reasons given for refusal to take the test. After controlling for confounding variables in a multivariate logistic regression model, having a tertiary education (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.03-1.84), no living child (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.0), recent HIV diagnosis (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.0) and being aware of cervical cancer (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2-2.0) retained independent association with acceptance to screen for cervical cancer.ConclusionsThe study shows that HIV positive women in our environment are willing to screen for cervical cancer and that the integration of reproductive health service into existing HIV programmes will strengthen rather than disrupt the services.

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“…Most of those mortalities occur during labor, delivery, or the first 24 hours postpartum, and most complications are hard to be predicted. Timely diagnosis and suitable intervention are not consistent with the prevalence of pregnant women, whereby about 1/350 global pregnancies lead to high maternal mortality risks due to several causes, including hemorrhage, infection, unsafe abortion, eclampsia, and obstructed labor [2][3][4]. In LMICs, the dying probability of pregnancy women from related causes is closer to 1/50, and it is also rising MMs [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forecasting Maternal Complications Based on the Impact of Gross National Income Using Various Models for Rwanda

Namahoro

Mugabushaka²

2020

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Introduction. Preferably maternal mortalities are predominant in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In some African countries, including Rwanda, programs related to health-care delivery to reduce significantly severe complications including mortalities are established. Unfortunately, historical and forecasted maternal mortality reduction and the influence of gross national income (GNI) were not accessed. This study is aimed to forecast the three years of maternal mortalities (MMs) based on the influence of gross national income (GNI) in Rwanda. Methods. The period involved is from January 2009 to April 2018. Data analyzed were obtained from the Central Hospital of the University of Kigali (CHUK) and mined data from the WHO database. Time series approach (Box-Jenkins and exponential smoothing) and linear regression models were applied. Besides, IBM-SPSS and Eviews were used in the analysis. Results. The results revealed that MMs were not statistically different in several years, and there was a significant correlation between MMs and GNI (-0.610, P value 0.012 < 0.05). A double exponential smoothing model (DESM) was fitted for the best forecast and ARIMA (0,1,0) and linear regression models for a quick forecast. Conclusion. There was a slight effect of GNI in maternal mortality reduction, which leads to the steady decrease of the forecasted maternal mortality up to May 2021. The Government of Rwanda should intensively strengthen the health-care system, save the children programs, and support pregnant women by using GNI for reducing MMs at an advanced level.

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HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria in Pregnancy

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Reduction of Maternal Mortality with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Malawi and Mozambique

Reduction of Maternal Mortality with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in a Large Cohort of HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in Malawi and Mozambique

Willingness and acceptability of cervical cancer screening among HIV positive Nigerian women

Forecasting Maternal Complications Based on the Impact of Gross National Income Using Various Models for Rwanda

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