HIV/AIDS vaccination in adolescents would be efficient and practical when vaccine supplies are limited

Johnson, Leigh F.; Bekker, Linda‐Gail; Dorrington, Rob

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.047

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The clinic serves a high-risk inner-city population characterized by poverty, high levels of mobility, and large numbers of migrants from surrounding African countries, particularly Zimbabwe. We purposively sampled young adults aged 18-24, as this is the age group in South Africa when HIV incidence begins to sharply climb; thus young South Africans would ideally be targeted in early dissemination efforts for a preventive HIV vaccine (Johnson, Bekker, & Dorrington, 2007). Additionally, as the clinic services include STI screening and treatment, TB services, reproductive health, and HIV counseling and testing, our sampling frame includes individuals who engage in HIV risk behaviors and would benefit from an HIV vaccine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future HIV Vaccine Acceptability Among Young Adults in South Africa

et al. 2009

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Developing and disseminating a preventive HIV vaccine is a primary scientific and public health objective. However, little is known about HIV vaccine acceptability in the high prevalence setting of South Africa-where young adults are likely to be targeted in early dissemination efforts. In 2007, we conducted six focus groups (n=42) with South Africans aged 18-24 years old. We used a deductive framework approach to identify key motivators and barriers to future HIV vaccine uptake. Participants identified HIV testing, HIV stigma, mistrust of the health care system, and concerns about sexual disinhibition as barriers to vaccine uptake. For women, family members and friends were strong motivators for vaccine uptake, while men were more likely to see vaccines as an opportunity to stop using HIV prevention strategies such as condoms and partner reductions. Implications of these findings for developing HIV vaccine dissemination strategies and policy in South Africa are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future HIV Vaccine Acceptability Among Young Adults in South Africa

et al. 2009

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“…Risk compensation was examined for HIV vaccines, vaginal microbicides, and oral PREP [25], [35], [36], [38], [39]. In a study examining oral PREP in India, if FSWs and clients using PREP decreased condom use from 90% to 75%, the impact was attenuated from 6 fewer infections (no risk compensation) to 17 more infections per 100,000 uninfected adults [36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study examining oral PREP in India, if FSWs and clients using PREP decreased condom use from 90% to 75%, the impact was attenuated from 6 fewer infections (no risk compensation) to 17 more infections per 100,000 uninfected adults [36]. In the case of HIV vaccines, 200 additional infections per 100,000 vaccinated adults were estimated to occur in the presence of a 25–50% reduction in condom use if vaccines were (a) less effective at reducing infectivity, and (b) provided to FSWs without pre-screening for HIV [38]. None of the models examined risk compensation behaviour in the wider population as a result of an intervention driven decrease in overall HIV prevalence, which could potentially have a larger unwanted impact.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commercial sex work includes interventions focused of FSWs or FSWs and clients. The results of a vaccine study are not shown in this forest plot because outcome was measured as infections averted per 100,000 adults who received the intervention [38]. **Vissers 2008 (per 100,000 uninfected adults per year) [36]; Vickerman 2006, Abbas 2007 (per 100,000 adults per year) [26], [39].…”

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of High-Risk Sex and Focused Interventions in Heterosexual HIV Epidemics: A Systematic Review of Mathematical Models

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe core-group theory of sexually transmitted infections suggests that targeting prevention to high-risk groups (HRG) could be very effective. We aimed to quantify the contribution of heterosexual HRGs and the potential impact of focused interventions to HIV transmission in the wider community.MethodsWe systematically identified studies published between 1980 and 2011. Studies were included if they used dynamical models of heterosexual HIV transmission, incorporated behavioural heterogeneity in risk, and provided at least one of the following primary estimates in the wider community (a) the population attributable fraction (PAF) of HIV infections due to HRGs, or (b) the number per capita or fraction of HIV infections averted, or change in HIV prevalence/incidence due to focused interventions.FindingsOf 267 selected articles, 22 were included. Four studies measured the PAF, and 20 studies measured intervention impact across 265 scenarios. In low-prevalence epidemics (≤5% HIV prevalence), the estimated impact of sex-worker interventions in the absence of risk compensation included: 6–100% infections averted; 0.9–6.2 HIV infections averted per 100,000 adults; 11–94% and 4–47% relative reduction in prevalence and incidence respectively. In high-prevalence epidemics (>5% HIV prevalence), sex-worker interventions were estimated to avert 6.8–40% of HIV infections and up to 564 HIV infections per 100,000 adults, and reduce HIV prevalence and incidence by 13–27% and 2–14% respectively. In both types of epidemics, greater heterogeneity in HIV risk was associated with a larger impact on the fraction of HIV infections averted and relative reduction in HIV incidence.ConclusionFocused interventions, as estimated by mathematical models, have the potential to reduce HIV transmission in the wider community across low- and high-prevalence regions. However, considerable variability exists in estimated impact, suggesting that a targeted approach to HIV prevention should be tailored to local epidemiological context.

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“…Mathematical analysis and modeling operation of infectious diseases are critical to study virus spreading dynamics which can state clearly the origination and evolution of viruses. In recent years, many mathematical models have been proposed for the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] such as, SI (susceptible-infective), SIR (susceptible-infectiveremoved), SEIR (susceptible-exposure-infective-recovered), SEI (susceptible-exposure-infective), SIRS (susceptible-infective-removed-susceptible), SEIS (susceptible-exposure-infective-susceptible). The development of such models is aimed at exploring the transmission dynamics of epidemic virus, investigating the evolution of resistance to antibiotics and the evolutionary cost of resistance, and designing the programs for disease control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability analysis of a novel epidemics model with vaccination and nonlinear infectious rate

Liu

Wang

Guo

2013

Applied Mathematics and Computation

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a b s t r a c tIn this paper, by considering pathogen evolution and human interventions behaviors with vaccines or drugs, we build up a novel SEIRW model with the vaccination to the newborn children. The stability of the SEIRW model with time-varying perturbation to predict the evolution tendency of the disease is analyzed. Furthermore, we introduce a time-varying delay into the susceptible and infective stages in the model and give some global exponential stability criteria for the time-varying delay system. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to verify the results.

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HIV/AIDS vaccination in adolescents would be efficient and practical when vaccine supplies are limited

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Future HIV Vaccine Acceptability Among Young Adults in South Africa

Future HIV Vaccine Acceptability Among Young Adults in South Africa

Impact of High-Risk Sex and Focused Interventions in Heterosexual HIV Epidemics: A Systematic Review of Mathematical Models

Stability analysis of a novel epidemics model with vaccination and nonlinear infectious rate

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