HIV and AIDS Risk Behaviors in Juvenile Detainees: Implications for Public Health Policy

Teplin, Linda A.; Mericle, Amy A.; McClelland, Gary M.; Abram, Karen M.

doi:10.2105/ajph.93.6.906

Cited by 190 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Unfortunately, acceptance into a group such as a gang depends on adhering to group norms that may sanction not only delinquent behaviors but also health risk behaviors (Molidor, 1996). Therefore, it is not unexpected that youth held in detention represent a highly vulnerable population for engaging in illicit drug use and risky sexual behaviors (Crosby, DiClemente, Staples-Horne, 2003;Teplin et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways to Drug and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Detained Adolescents

Voisin

Neilands

Salazar

et al. 2008

Social Work Research

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Purpose-Among a sample of detained youth, to investigate pathways that link witnessing community violence, in the 12 months prior to being detained, to drug and sexual risk behaviors, in the two months preceding detainment.Methods-Using A-CASI technology, data was collected from 559 detained adolescents on demographics, family factors, peer influences, religiosity, witnessing community violence, and drug and sexual risk behaviors.Results-Controlling for demographics and family variables, findings indicated positive associations between witnessing community violence and drug and sexual risk behaviors. Witnessing community violence was directly linked to sexual risk behaviors, and indirectly associated with these risk behaviors, through gang membership and perceived risky peer norms. Additionally, witnessing community violence was indirectly linked to substance use through gang membership and perceived risky peer norms.Conclusions-Interventions targeting change in peer affiliations and perceived norms may be an effective strategy for reducing risky drug and sexual behaviors among detained youth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways to Drug and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Detained Adolescents

Voisin

Neilands

Salazar

et al. 2008

Social Work Research

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“…27 Sound public policy and effective interventions require data on the developmental course of HIV/STI risk behaviors. Because youth are detained for an average of only 2 weeks,15} their behaviors place persons in the community at risk.There are, however, few comprehensive studies of HIV/STI risk behaviors in delinquent youth, 17,18,21,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and, to our knowledge, no longitudinal studies. Even after expanding our literature review to include "high-risk" youth --such as inner city youth and other impoverished populations --we found only 4 epidemiologic studies with follow-up periods longer than 6 months.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17][18][19][20] Detained youth report more risk behaviors and initiate them at younger ages than do youth in the community. 21 Detained youth are likely to be at continued risk for HIV infection as they age. Adults in prison have higher rates of HIV/STI risk behaviors22 -26 and HIV infection (1.8%) than the general population (0.2%).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Longitudinal Study of the Prevalence, Development, and Persistence of HIV/Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk Behaviors in Delinquent Youth: Implications for Health Care in the Community

Romero

Teplin²,

McClelland³

et al. 2007

Pediatrics

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Objective-. To examine the prevalence, development, and persistence of sex and drug behaviors that place delinquent youth at risk for human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections (HIV/STI).Methods-At the baseline interview, HIV/STI drug and sex risk behaviors were assessed in a stratified random sample of 800 juvenile detainees, aged 10 to 18 years. Participants were reinterviewed approximately 3 years later (mean [SD] follow-up, 3.2 [0.3] years; median follow-up, 3.1 years). The final sample in these analyses (n = 724) includes 316 females and 408 males, 393 African Americans, 198 Hispanics, 131 non-Hispanic whites, and 2 participants who self-identified as "other."Results-Nearly three quarters of youth engaged in one or more unprotected sexual risk behaviors at follow-up. Over 60% had engaged in 10 or more risk behaviors at their baseline interview, and nearly two thirds of them persisted in 10 or more risk behaviors at follow-up. Among youth living in the community, many behaviors were more prevalent at follow-up than at baseline. Among incarcerated youth, the opposite pattern prevailed. Development and persistence of HIV/STI risk behaviors differed by gender, race/ethnicity, and age, even after adjusting for incarceration status. Compared with females, males had higher prevalence rates of many HIV/STI risk behaviors and were more likely to persist in some behaviors and develop new ones. Yet, injection risk behaviors were more prevalent among females than males and were also more likely to develop and persist. Compared with persons younger than 18, persons 18 and older had higher prevalence rates of many HIV/STI risk behaviors at follow-up. Overall, there were few racial and ethnic differences in patterns of HIV/STI risk behaviors; most involved the initiation and persistence of substance use among nonHispanic whites and Hispanics.Conclusions-Because detained youth have a median stay of only 2 weeks, HIV/STI risk behaviors in delinquent youth are a community public health problem, not just a problem for the juvenile justice system. Improving the coordination among systems that provide HIV/STI interventions to youth -primary care, education, mental health, and juvenile justice -can reduce the prevalence of risk behaviors and substantially reduce the spread of HIV/STI in young people.Corresponding Author: Linda A. Teplin, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 710 N. Lakeshore Drive, Suite 900, Chicago, IL 60611. . psycholegal@northwestern.edu. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptPediatrics. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 January 29. Published in final edited form as:Pediatrics. 10-14Minorities are also overrepresented in the juvenile justice system, where HIV/STI risk behaviors are prevalent. 15-20 Detained youth report more risk behaviors and initiate them at younger ages than do youth in the community.21 Detained youth are likely to be at continued risk for HIV infection as they age. Adults in p...

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“…The final sample size for the project was 1,829. Additional information on the sample and study design is available elsewhere (Teplin et al, 2002;Teplin et al, 2003).…”

Section: Findings From the Northwestern Juvenile Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%