HIV and cancer registry linkage identifies a substantial burden of cancers in persons with HIV in India

Godbole, Sheela; Nandy, Karabi; Gauniyal, Mansi; Nalawade, Pallavi; Sane, Suvarna; Koyande, Shravani; Toyama, Joy; Hegde, Asha; Virgo, Phil; Bhatia, Kishor; Paranjape, Ramesh; Risbud, Arun; Mbulaiteye, Sam M.; Mitsuyasu, Ronald T.

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000004850

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…For example, breast cancer incidence in Taiwan, occurs at a lower median age compared to Western countries, with different molecular subtypes 7 . In a linkage study conducted in India, no cases of KS were reported, which was in contrast to reported findings from the African region 8 . The European COHERE cohort found a significant risk for AIDS-related NHL among male-to-male sex (MSM) and older age groups 9 , however the risk in South African women was reportedly higher than those in Europe 10 .…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Brief Report: Malignancies in Adults Living With HIV in Asia

Jiamsakul

Polizzotto

et al. 2019

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Background-Haematological malignancies have continued to be highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This study assessed the occurrence, risk factors for, and outcomes of haematological and non-haematological malignancies in PLHIV in Asia. Methods-Incidence of malignancy after cohort enrolment was evaluated. Factors associated with development of haematological and non-haematological malignancy were analysed using competing risk regression and survival time using Kaplan-Meier. Results-Of 7455 patients, 107 patients (1%) developed a malignancy: 34 (0.5%) haematological (0.08 per 100 person-years (/100PY)), and 73 (1%) non-haematological (0.17/100PY). Of the haematological malignancies, non-Hodgkin lymphoma was predominant (n=26, 76%): immunoblastic (n=6, 18%), Burkitt (n=5, 15%), diffuse large B-cell (n=5, 15%), and unspecified (n=10, 30%). Others include central nervous system lymphoma (n=7, 21%), and myelodysplastic syndrome (n=1, 3%). Non-haematological malignancies were mostly Kaposi's sarcoma (n=12, 16%) and cervical cancer (n=10, 14%). Risk factors for haematological malignancy included age >50 vs. ≤30 years (sub-hazard ratio [SHR]=6.48, 95%CI 1.79-23.43), and being from a high-income vs. a lower-middle-income country (SHR=3.97, 95%CI 1.45-10.84). Risk was reduced with CD4 351-500 cells/µL (SHR=0.20, 95%CI 0.05-0.74), and CD4 >500 cells/µL (SHR=0.14, 95%CI 0.04-0.78), compared to CD4 ≤200 cells/µL. Similar risk factors were seen for non-haematological malignancy, with prior AIDS diagnosis showing a weak association. Patients diagnosed with a haematological malignancy had shorter survival time compared to non-haematological malignancy. Conclusions-Non-haematological malignancies were common but NHL was more predominant in our cohort. PLHIV from high-income countries were more likely to be diagnosed, indicating a potential under-diagnosis of cancer in low-income settings.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Brief Report: Malignancies in Adults Living With HIV in Asia

Jiamsakul

Polizzotto

et al. 2019

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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“…The high burden of anal cancer in PLWHIV is not limited to developed countries. In emerging economies like Brazil and India, high rates of anal cancer in those with HIV/AIDS have also been reported in recent years [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Incidence and time trends of anal cancer among people living with HIV in Australia

Jin¹,

Vajdic

Law³

et al. 2019

Aids

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Background: Anal cancer incidence increased markedly in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) after the introduction of HAART, but in a few setting settings, recent declines have been reported. We report the incidence and time trends of anal cancer in PLWHIV in Australia. Study design: A data linkage study between the National HIV Registries and the Australian Cancer Database. Methods: Cases of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) in Australians aged 16 years and above diagnosed with HIV between 1982 and 2012 were identified. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare incidence with that of the general population. Poisson regression models were developed to describe the time trends of ASCC over time and to compare ASCC risk within subgroups of PLWHIV. Results: Among 28 696 individuals, a total of 129 cases of ASCC were identified. The crude incidence was 36.3 per 100 000 person-years and it increased sharply from 14.8 to 62.1 per 100 000 person-years between 1982-1995 and 2009-2012 (P trend <0.001). The SIR was 35.3 (95% confidence interval 29.5-42.0), and there was an inverse association between SIR and increasing age (P trend <0.001). In multivariate analyses, ASCC incidence was significantly higher in recent years (P trend <0.001), in those who acquired HIV through male homosexual contact (P=0.002), and in those who had a history of AIDS (P < 0.001). Conclusion: PLWHIV in Australia are at markedly higher risk of anal cancer. Unlike in some industrialized countries with a mature HIV epidemic, the incidence of anal cancer is still increasing in this population in Australia.

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“…The rapid expansion of ART and the promulgation of the 90-90-90 treatment targets have renewed the focus on case reporting, linked to patient monitoring systems, by WHO and UNAIDS. In settings where unique identifiers are available, HIV case report systems can be crossed with registries where they exist to link associated conditions; currently, cancer registries are the most prevalent [56]. Every effort should be made to protect patient privacy and ensure confidentiality as individual systems grow to collect more data elements and are linked to other systems.…”

Section: Case-based Reporting and Population-level Patient Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to Improve the Surveillance, Monitoring, and Management of Noncommunicable Diseases in HIV-Infected Persons: Viewpoint

Patel¹,

Sabin²,

Godfrey‐Faussett³

2018

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are undergoing an epidemiological transition, in which the burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is rising and mortality will shift from infectious diseases to NCDs. Specifically, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, renal diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and cancer are becoming more prevalent. In some regions, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, the dual HIV and NCD epidemics will pose challenges because their joint burden will have adverse effects on the quality of life and will likely increase global inequities. Given the austere clinical infrastructure in many LMICs, innovative models of care delivery are needed to provide comprehensive care in resource-limited settings. Improved data collection and surveillance of NCDs among HIV-infected persons in LMICs are necessary to inform integrated NCD-HIV prevention, care, and treatment models that are effective across a range of geographic settings. These efforts will preserve the considerable investments that have been made to prevent the number of lives lost to HIV, promote healthy aging of persons living with HIV, and contribute to meeting United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

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HIV and cancer registry linkage identifies a substantial burden of cancers in persons with HIV in India

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Brief Report: Malignancies in Adults Living With HIV in Asia

Brief Report: Malignancies in Adults Living With HIV in Asia

Incidence and time trends of anal cancer among people living with HIV in Australia

Approaches to Improve the Surveillance, Monitoring, and Management of Noncommunicable Diseases in HIV-Infected Persons: Viewpoint

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