HIV and HCV testing for young drug users in Rhode Island

Pugatch, David; Anderson, Bradley J.; O'Connell, Janet V.; Elson, Laura; Stein, Michael D.

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.02.015

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As in prior studies (Armstrong, 2007; Broz and Ouellet, 2008; Broz et al, 2014; Garfein et al, 1998; Hahn et al, 2010; Neaigus et al, 2006; Ochoa et al, 2001; Prussing et al, 2014; Pugatch, 2006), our study showed that young PWID are likely to be non-Hispanic white (71%), even though our recruitment sites were located in urban, predominantly African American and Hispanic neighborhoods. A main finding of our study is that homelessness and residential transience are integral components of HCV and HIV risk, mediated through network size and syringe sharing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…In the few recent U.S. studies that specifically focused on young PWID (≤ 30 years old), NH-whites were the dominant racial/ethnic group, and African Americans constituted only small fractions of the samples (Garfein et al, 2007; Hahn et al, 2010; Ochoa et al, 2001; Pugatch, 2006). Nonetheless, there is wide geographic variation in HCV occurrence among young PWID (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011; Garfein et al, 2007, 1996; Hagan et al, 2007; Hahn et al, 2010; Leuchner et al, 2008; Page et al, 2009; Zibbell et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of social networks and geography on risky injection behaviors of young persons who inject drugs

Boodram

Mackesy‐Amiti

Latkin

2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Little is known about young persons who inject drugs (PWID), who are increasingly from suburban communities and predominantly non-Hispanic white. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional personal network (egocentric) and geographic study of young PWID and their drug-using, sexual, and support network members in 2012-13 in metropolitan Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Results We enrolled 164 young (median age=26), mostly male (65%), non-Hispanic white PWID (71%), with a self-reported HCV prevalence of 13%. Many (59%) reported multiple residences (i.e., were transient) in the past year, 45% of whom reported living in both urban and suburban places (i.e., were cross-over transients). In multivariable analyses that adjusted for participant and network member characteristics, (1) large injection networks were more common among homeless participants; and (2) syringe sharing was (a) highest among cross-over transients compared to suburban (OR = 4.19 95% CI 1.69 – 10.35) and urban only residents (OR = 2.91 95% CI 1.06 – 8.03), (b) higher among HCV-unknown compared HCV-negative participants (OR = 4.62 95% CI 1.69-10.35), (c) more likely with network members who were cross-over transients compared to urban (OR = 4.94, 95% CI 2.17 – 11.23) and (d) less likely with network members with HCV-unknown compared to HCV-negative status (OR = 0.4 95% CI 0.19 – 0.84). Conclusions We identified homelessness as a significant risk factor for large networks and cross-over transience as a significant risk factor for syringe sharing. Further research is needed to understand the role of geographic factors promoting higher risk among these crossover transient PWID.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of social networks and geography on risky injection behaviors of young persons who inject drugs

Boodram

Mackesy‐Amiti

Latkin

2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…While other Chinese studies have not observed the same trend [18,24], our findings are consistent with the literature outside of China. Suboptimal HIV test uptake among youth has also been noted in the United States, Thailand, and Canada [25-27]. Poor awareness of infection, fear of knowing the results, and fear of stigma may be exacerbated among drug using youth [28-30] and were correlated with not receiving HIV testing among young people [31-33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and hepatitis C virus test uptake at methadone clinics in Southern China: opportunities for expanding detection of bloodborne infections

et al. 2013

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BackgroundHIV and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection is highly common among Chinese injection drug users but it is difficult to reach IDUs at traditional VCT (Voluntary HIV counseling treatment) clinics. A new national model integrating HIV/HCV testing with methadone maintenance treatment was started in 2006. The purpose of this study was to investigate HIV and HCV test uptake and associated factors at methadone clinics in Guangdong Province, China.MethodsA cross-sectional design using routine surveillance data and laboratory testing confirmation was applied to determine rates of HIV and HCV test uptake. Multi-level modeling was used to examine individual-level and clinic-level correlates of increased test uptake.Results45 out of 49 methadone clinics in Guangdong Province agreed to participate in the study. Among all 13,270 individuals, 10,046 (75.7%) had HIV test uptake and 10,404 (78.4%) had HCV uptake. At the individual level, methadone clients 30 years or older were more likely to have HIV and HCV test uptake (p <0.001 for both). At the clinic level, methadone clinics with greater health care personnel were more likely to have HIV (p =0.01) and HCV (p = 0.044) test uptake. HIV test uptake significantly correlated with HCV test uptake (correlation coefficient=0.64).ConclusionMethadone clinics provide an opportunity for routine integrated HIV and HCV screening among drug users in China. Increased test uptake in young drug users and increased health care personnel at clinics may further improve screening.

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“…Although attention has been paid to the importance and determinants of HCV treatment uptake among infected drug users , few studies have examined the prevalence of and the factors associated with testing uptake in this population . Importantly no study is known to the authors that has examined how individual PWID characteristics differentially associate with recent (i.e., in the past 12 months) and past or no HCV test uptake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with HCV test uptake in heroin users entering substitution treatment in Greece

et al. 2018

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Any previous HCV testing uptake is high among PWID entering OST in Greece and is associated with older age, longer injecting histories and past drug-related treatment attempts. Efforts to prevent and mitigate the ongoing HCV test epidemic among PWID in Greece should combine treatment with scaling up of screening, targeting especially those younger than 25 years and at the beginning of their hazardous use.

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HIV and HCV testing for young drug users in Rhode Island

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

The role of social networks and geography on risky injection behaviors of young persons who inject drugs

The role of social networks and geography on risky injection behaviors of young persons who inject drugs

HIV and hepatitis C virus test uptake at methadone clinics in Southern China: opportunities for expanding detection of bloodborne infections

Factors associated with HCV test uptake in heroin users entering substitution treatment in Greece

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