HIV and homosexuality in Pakistan

Prevalence of single, double, and triple infections of HIV, HCV and HBV among the MSM community in Pakistan

“…A number of government and non-government organizations have been providing health and sex awareness services to the MSM populations in Pakistan. 9 While several segments of the MSM population are easily identified and accessed, many still exist underground. 6 Among such unrecognizable subgroups, promiscuous bisexuals and/or married MSM are especially important since they represent individuals that eventually serve to bridge the transmission of STIs from homo-to hetero-sexual and general population.…”

Sexual abuse, social stigma and HIV vulnerability among young feminised men in Lahore and Karachi, Pakistan

“…Programmes to increase awareness of HIV and to promote testing should be considered, as a 2008 study found that feminised male sex workers who had ever heard of HIV were 2.5 times more likely to use condoms than those who had never heard of HIV and those who had ever had an HIV tests were 2.3 times more likely to use condoms . Most importantly, the current law that makes carrying a condom a criminal offense needs to be abolished (Rajabali et al 2008).…”

“…They are widely described as hijra, zanana and chavas (Rajabali et al 2008), but these terms are sometimes perceived as derogatory. A 2008 study of male and transgender sex work in two Pakistani cities distinguished between khushra ('transgender men who dress mostly as women'), khotki ('men who dress publicly as men but have feminised traits') as well as bantha ('men with a male gender identity') ).…”

Awareness Regarding HIV Among Male Sex Workers in Larkana City

“…While scenario is different on ground level. In Pakistan ratio of HIV/Aids infected men is seven time higher than women (Rajab et al 2008) 3 . Olaleye (2003) 4 describes that, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a viral infection caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).…”