HIV Infection and Contraception

McCall, Jane; Vicol, Laura

doi:10.1016/j.jana.2010.09.002

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…HIV infection primarily affects women of reproductive age worldwide, in both developed and developing countries; in fact over 50% of PLWHIV globally are women [ 1 ]. With the advent of effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV-infected women are now living longer and healthier with the same reproductive goals as HIV-uninfected women [ 3 ]. However, HIV infection predisposes women to various health risks that could be deleterious to both the mother and the newborn [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Contraceptive Use among HIV-Infected Women of Reproductive Age Attending Infectious Disease Clinic at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Northern Uganda

Bongomin

Chelangat

Eriatu

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Background Reproductive planning by HIV-infected women is essential, as it helps to prevent transmission of HIV to their unborn babies. Integrating contraceptive services to routine HIV care significantly increases the use of modern contraceptive methods, thus reducing vertical transmission of HIV. Objectives To determine the prevalence and factors associated with contraceptive use among HIV-infected women attending Infectious Disease Clinic (IDC) at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital (GRRH) in Northern Uganda. Methodology A hospital-based cross-sectional study was performed. We used simple random sampling to recruit HIV-infected women receiving routine care from IDC, GRRH, into our study. Sample size was estimated using modified Kish-Leslie formula and semistructured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analysed using Stata v11.0. We used logistic regression model to assess the associations and any factor with p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The prevalence of contraceptive use was found to be 36% (95% CI 31 – 40%). Factors which promoted contraceptive use were as follows: being married (aOR=2.68, 95% CI 1.54-4.65, p<0.001) and monthly income of $35 -250 (aOR= 2.38, 95% CI: 1.39- 4.09, p=0.002). Factors that hindered contraceptive use were having no child (nulliparity) (aOR= 0.16; 95% CI: 0.05-0.49; p=0.002) and age range of 31-49 years (aOR= 0.53; 95% CI: 0.33 - 0.84; p=0.007). Conclusion In this study, just over a third of sexually active HIV-infected women reported use of modern contraceptives. This is a low level of usage and, therefore, clinicians and stakeholders should sensitise HIV-infected women on the importance of contraceptive use in the fight against HIV/AIDS and encourage them to use contraceptives to avoid vertical transmission of HIV through unintended pregnancy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Integrating contraceptive services as part of routine HIV care significantly increases use of modern contraceptive methods [ 10 ]. However, worldwide, a substantial unmet need for well tolerated and effective contraceptives remains, particularly in areas with a high HIV burden [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Contraceptive Use among HIV-Infected Women of Reproductive Age Attending Infectious Disease Clinic at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Northern Uganda

Bongomin

Chelangat

Eriatu

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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“…Pregnancy planning through contraception plays a role in averting maternal death in the general population, particularly in low‐income countries, and is an important means of reducing vertical HIV transmission . There are numerous contraceptive modalities available to women, including barrier methods, hormonal contraception, long‐acting reversible contraception (LARC) such as intrauterine devices (IUDs) or implants, and sterilization . Increasingly, there are data to suggest that several of these methods may interact with HIV infection or treatment in clinically significant ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contraceptive options for HIV‐positive women: making evidence‐based, patient‐centred decisions

Sharma

Walmsley

2015

HIV Medicine

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Objectives Women of reproductive age represent a large proportion of the global population living with HIV/AIDS. With improvements in morbidity and mortality since the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy, contraception and pregnancy planning are an increasingly important issue for women living with HIV. This review aims to outline the key considerations when choosing contraceptive methods in HIV‐positive women and provides a review of the literature to inform decision‐making. Methods Pubmed was searched using the terms ‘HIV’, ‘contraception’, ‘HIV progression’, ‘HIV acquisition’, ‘HIV transmission’ and the combination of ‘antiretroviral’ and ‘contraception’. Abstracts were reviewed and relevant articles were retrieved. Reference lists were also reviewed for pertinent citations. Results HIV and contraceptive methods can interact in several clinically meaningful ways. Concomitant use may result in altered contraceptive efficacy, drug−drug interactions, or increased toxicity. Hormonal contraceptives have not been shown to affect HIV progression. Notably, the impact of hormonal contraceptives on HIV transmission and acquisition remains unclear, particularly for injectable forms. Data are lacking on several newer methods of contraception including contraceptive rings, patches and intrauterine systems. Conclusions Effective, reliable contraception is important for HIV‐positive women. Efficacy, toxicity, drug interactions, and potential impacts on HIV disease progression, transmission, and acquisition must be assessed when making clinical decisions.

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HIV Infection and Contraception

Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Contraceptive Use among HIV-Infected Women of Reproductive Age Attending Infectious Disease Clinic at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Northern Uganda

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Contraceptive Use among HIV-Infected Women of Reproductive Age Attending Infectious Disease Clinic at Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Northern Uganda

Contraceptive options for HIV‐positive women: making evidence‐based, patient‐centred decisions

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