HIV infection and patterns of risk among women drug injectors and crack users in low and high sero-prevalence sites

Tortu, Stephanie; Beardsley, Mark; Deren, Sherry; Williams, Mary L.; McCoy, H. Virginia; Stark, Michael J.; Estrada, Antonio; Goldstein, Michael

doi:10.1080/09540120047486

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Tortu et al [53] found that sex exchange was an independent, significant, behavioral predictor of HIV infection. Because sex exchange is strongly associated with a number of HIV risk behaviors and because only 10 participants in this study reported selling sex for money or drugs in the preceding year, these cases were dropped from subsequent analyses.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Risky sexual behavior among women with protective orders against violent male partners

2006

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The purpose of this study was to describe risky sexual behaviors among women with protective orders against violent male partners (N=673), as well as to examine associations of relationship factors, psychological abuse, severity of partner violence, sexual violence, and women's substance abuse with risky sexual behavior. An HIV sexual risk index was computed based on the participant's self-reported risky sexual behavior, the participants' estimations of the abusive partner's extra dyadic sexual behavior and the abusive partner's illicit drug use. The majority of women engaged in risky sexual practices and had partners who engaged in risky sexual practices. Results of OLS regression analysis showed that the participant's age, length of the participant's relationship with the abusive partner, severity of physical violence, substance abuse/dependence (alcohol and illicit drug) were significantly associated with risky sexual behavior. Implications for future research and HIV prevention interventions with partner violence victims are discussed.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Risky sexual behavior among women with protective orders against violent male partners

2006

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“…Increasing numbers of substance users, both injection and noninjection drug users, are becoming infected with HIV [35][36][37]. Studies of the prevalence of substance use disorders among currently infected individuals show life-time rates as high as 40-50% (e.g.…”

Section: Psychiatric Disorder Among Hiv/aids Substance Usersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric aspects of HIV infection among older adults

Hinkin

Castellon

Atkinson

et al. 2001

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

119

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Treatment advances such as the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) have translated into greater life expectancy for HIV-infected individuals, which will ultimately result in a "graying" of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In addition, older individuals are engaging in a higher rate of high risk behaviors than had been previously expected. As such, study of older HIV-infected patients, including study of the psychiatric and neurocognitive aspects of the disease, appears highly indicated. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that HIV infection is associated with higher rates of several psychological/psychiatric disorders when compared to general population base rates. There is also a rich literature that has documented the adverse neurocognitive effects of HIV infection, ranging from subtle cognitive complaints to frank dementia, among younger adults. Although it has been hypothesized that older age may potentiate the deleterious effects of HIV infection, little is actually known, however, regarding the incidence, prevalence, course, and clinical features of HIVassociated psychiatric and cognitive dysfunction among older adults. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of HIV-associated cognitive and psychiatric disorder across the age spectrum, with particular focus on what is known regarding the interaction of advancing age and HIV infection. Future directions for research are suggested, including basic epidemiologic study of incidence and prevalence rates of neurodisease among older HIV-infected adults as well as investigations designed to determine whether the nature, severity, course, or treatment of such disorders differs among older versus younger patients.

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“…A study of 1,723 American women showed a relationship between the intensity and frequency of crack cocaine use and risky sexual practices and HIV infection [32]. Crack cocaine use has been directly associated with gonorrhea, syphilis, chancroid and other STIs in several studies [16,[33][34][35]. Crack cocaine use is also a risk factor for the acquisition of STIs in HIV patients who continue to practice risky sexual behavior while under care in drug abuse treatment units [17,33,36].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing risk behaviors and prevalence of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections among female crack cocaine users in salvador - Bahia, Brazil

Nunes¹,

Andrade²,

Galvão–Castro³

et al. 2007

Braz J Infect Dis

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Crack cocaine use is associated with risky sexual behaviors and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. We investigated sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and infection rates in female crack cocaine users from impoverished communities of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A sample of 125 female crack cocaine users was recruited. Overall, the interviewees had low educational level and high rate of unemployment (close to 90%). Onethird (37%) reported having traded sex for money or drugs, and 58% reported that they had not used condoms during intercourse in the last 30 days. The prevalence of infections was low: HIV-1.6%; HCV-2.4%; HBV-0.8%; HTLV I/II-4.0%; and syphilis-4.0%. The combination of dire poverty and high prevalence of risk behaviors turn such populations a preferential target of initiatives aiming to reduce drug-related harm and promote social development. Low infection rates should not be viewed with complacency, but as a window of opportunity to implement prevention initiatives and reduce social marginalization. Key-Words: Risk behaviors, prevalence of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections, female crack cocaine users.

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HIV infection and patterns of risk among women drug injectors and crack users in low and high sero-prevalence sites

Cited by 43 publications

References 9 publications

Risky sexual behavior among women with protective orders against violent male partners

Risky sexual behavior among women with protective orders against violent male partners

Neuropsychiatric aspects of HIV infection among older adults

Assessing risk behaviors and prevalence of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections among female crack cocaine users in salvador - Bahia, Brazil

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