HIV infection and sputum-culture conversion in patients diagnosed withMycobacterium tuberculosis: A population-based study

Aliyu, Muktar H.; Salihu, Hamisu M.; Ratard, Raoul

doi:10.1007/bf03041486

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…HIV infection is also a widely described risk factor 7,8,14,15,16 , and our results showed it was associated with death and unsuccessful outcome. Studies have shown that improved TB outcomes can be achieved through decentralization of treatment and the supply of an extended range of supervised DOT options (even in countries where HAART is not readily available, like Malawi 25 ) and the integration of the DOTs strategy with HIV/AIDS homecare 25,26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Some definitions consider only noncompliance, while others combine all negative outcomes: treatment failure, noncompliance, and death 4,5,6,7,8,9 . Determinants have included male gender 4,10 , older age 7 , migration 11 , homelessness 11,12,13 , history of incarceration 11,12 , alcoholism 12,13 , HIV infection 7,8,14,15,16 , intravenous drug use 12 , and decreased access to healthcare 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with treatment failure, dropout, and death in a cohort of tuberculosis patients in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil

et al. 2007

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A cohort of cases initiating tuberculosis treatment from May 2001 to July 2003 was followed in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil, to investigate biological, clinical, social, lifestyle, and healthcare access factors associated with three negative tuberculosis treatment outcomes (treatment failure, dropout, and death) separately and as a group. Treatment failure was associated with treatment delay, illiteracy, and alcohol consumption. Factors associated with dropout were age, prior TB treatment, and illiteracy. Death was associated with age, treatment delay, HIV co-infection, and head of family's income. Main factors associated with negative treatment outcomes as a whole were age, HIV co-infection, illiteracy, alcoholism, and prior TB treatment. We suggest the following strategies to increase cure rates: further training of the Family Health Program personnel in TB control, awareness-raising on the need to tailor their activities to special care for cases (e.g., literacy training); targeting use of directly observed therapy for higher risk groups; establishment of a flexible referral scheme to handle technical and psychosocial problems, including alcoholism; and increased collaboration with the HIV/AIDS program.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with treatment failure, dropout, and death in a cohort of tuberculosis patients in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil

et al. 2007

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“…Based on chest x-ray examination, HIV infected patients presented more frequently with minimal cavitary disease when compared to HIV uninfected patients (p = 0.048). This has been previously described [13] and could be related to compromised immune responses induced by HIV infection [14]. All patients completed the full course of DOTS (Direct Observed Treatment Short Course).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effect of Standard Tuberculosis Treatment on Plasma Cytokine Levels in Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Riou

Peixoto²,

Roberts

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundSputum Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) culture is commonly used to assess response to antibiotic treatment in individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Such techniques are constrained by the slow growth rate of Mtb, and more sensitive methods to monitor Mtb clearance are needed. The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in plasma cytokines in patients undergoing treatment for TB as a means of identifying candidate host markers associated with microbiologic response to therapy.MethodsTwenty-four plasma cytokines/chemokines were measured in 42 individuals diagnosed with active pulmonary TB, 52% were HIV co-infected. Individuals, undergoing a 26-week standard TB treatment, were followed longitudinally over 18 months and measurements were associated with HIV status and rates of sputum culture conversion.ResultsPlasma concentrations of interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly reduced upon TB treatment, regardless of HIV status. By the end of treatment, IP-10 concentrations were significantly lower in HIV negative individuals when compared to HIV-positive individuals (p = 0.02). Moreover, in HIV negative patients, plasma VEGF concentrations, measured as early as 2-weeks post TB treatment initiation, positively correlated with the time of sputum conversion (p = 0.0017). No significant changes were observed in other studied immune mediators.ConclusionsThese data suggest that VEGF plasma concentration, measured during early TB treatment, could represent a surrogate marker to monitor sputum culture conversion in HIV uninfected individuals.

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“…15 In a study on HIV-infected people, only 33% of patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were diagnosed in passive case finding; 16 it's worth mentioning that tuberculosis is the most common infection in people with HIV. 17 It was shown in a qualitative study that tuberculosis control program must pay more attention to some issues like co-incidence of TB and HIV, treatment-resistant tuberculosis, comprehensive education of society, providing services to patients with HIV/AIDS and treating the related infections. 18 It is also reported that lack of health insurance can cause patients not to refer to heath centers and thus can result in delay in diagnosing and finding new cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in case finding of tuberculosis control program in Iran: A qualitative study

Moosazadeh¹,

Amiresmaili²

2018

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Introduction: weakness in case finding and delays in diagnosing patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis are considered as important factors in spreading disease. According to reports available in some parts of Iran, there is a long delay in diagnosing patients, and case finding level is less than the level predicted by Global Tuberculosis Control Program. Thus, this research was carried out to identify challenges of diagnosing tubercular patients in the framework of Iran's tuberculosis control program. Methods: Data of present qualitative study was collected through a semi-structured interview. Twenty two informants participated in the study who were selected purposefully. Data were analyzed using framework analysis method. Results: Seventeen subthemes under Six themes regarding challenges of case finding were identified in present study: Policy making and strategies; Human resources issues; Resource availability; Nature of the method used for case finding ;Coordination and communication and Community involvement. Conclusions: Prioritizing tuberculosis control program, providing special allowances for personnel working in this field, active case finding in patients with diabetes and HIV/AIDS, prisoners and homeless people, facilitating access to service-providing centers and making use of novel methods for patients education are among the items efficient on diagnosis of tubercular patients.

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HIV infection and sputum-culture conversion in patients diagnosed withMycobacterium tuberculosis: A population-based study

Abstract: Response to anti-tuberculosis therapy was significantly less favorable in HIV-infected than in HIV-uninfected tuberculosis patients. The importance of longer and closer monitoring of tuberculosis treatment in HIV-positive patients is highlighted.

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Factors associated with treatment failure, dropout, and death in a cohort of tuberculosis patients in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil

Factors associated with treatment failure, dropout, and death in a cohort of tuberculosis patients in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil

Effect of Standard Tuberculosis Treatment on Plasma Cytokine Levels in Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Challenges in case finding of tuberculosis control program in Iran: A qualitative study

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