HIV infection, viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis among prison inmates in West Africa

Jaquet, Antoine; Wandeler, Gilles; Tine, Judicaël; Dagnra, Claver A.; Attia, Alain; Patassi, Akouda; Ndiaye, Abdoulaye; Lédinghen, Victor de; Ekouévi, Didier K.; Seydi, Moussa; Dabis, François

doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1601-4

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Hazardous alcohol consumption affected over 10% of the study population in Zambia, Côte d'Ivoire and Togo, but was uncommon in Senegal (0.9% of participants), where the large majority of the population is Muslim. We previously found similar estimates in a study among 680 prison inmates in Senegal and Togo: 12% of prisoners in Lomé reported hazardous drinking versus 5% in Senegal . Similar differences in alcohol consumption patterns were found in Tanzania: alcohol consumption was less common in adolescents of Muslim faith compared to others, independent of the region where the survey was conducted .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries

et al. 2018

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IntroductionExcessive alcohol consumption leads to unfavourable outcomes in people living with HIV (PLHIV), including reduced adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and engagement into care. However, there is limited information on alcohol consumption patterns among PLHIV in sub‐Saharan Africa.MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional approach, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT‐C) was administered to PLHIV attending HIV clinics in Côte d'Ivoire, Togo, Senegal and Zambia (2013 to 2015). Hazardous drinking was defined as an AUDIT‐C score ≥4 for men or ≥3 for women, and binge drinking as ≥6 drinks at least once per month. The prevalence of binge drinking was compared to estimates from the general population using data from the World Health Organization. Factors associated with binge drinking among persons declaring any alcohol use in the past year were assessed using a logistic regression model to estimate odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsAmong 1824 PLHIV (median age 39 years, 62.8% female), the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use ranged from 0.9% in Senegal to 38.4% in Zambia. The prevalence of binge drinking ranged from 14.3% among drinkers in Senegal to 81.8% in Zambia, with higher estimates among PLHIV than in the general population. Male sex (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.7), tobacco use (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.9) and living in Zambia were associated with binge drinking.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption patterns varied widely across settings and binge drinking was more frequent in HIV‐positive individuals compared to the general population. Interventions to reduce excessive alcohol use are urgently needed to optimize adherence in the era of universal ART.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries

et al. 2018

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“…We included all individuals diagnosed with an HBV infection in a cross‐sectional prevalence study among vulnerable populations in West Africa. Inmates incarcerated in state prisons in Lome, Togo (September‐October 2013) and Dakar, Senegal (April‐May 2014) were initially recruited . FSW and MSM were subsequently recruited in a dedicated clinic located in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire (November 2014‐April 2015) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FSW and MSM were subsequently recruited in a dedicated clinic located in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire (November 2014‐April 2015) . Inmates were randomly selected based on a cluster sampling approach using the prison cell as the statistical unit as previously described . FSW and MSM were randomly selected using a systematic sampling approach.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B treatment eligibility in West Africa: Uncertainties and need for prospective cohort studies

Jaquet

Nouaman

Tine

et al. 2017

Liver International

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Background & Aims While universal screening of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is recommended in high burden countries, little is known about the proportion of HBV-infected persons in need of antiviral therapy in these settings. Methods Prisoners in Senegal and Togo, as well as female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Cote d’Ivoire were screened for HBV infection. All HBsAg-positive participants underwent transient elastography, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and HBV viral load quantification. Individuals with liver cirrhosis or those aged>30 years with an HBV replication ≥20 000 IU/ml and elevated ALT were considered eligible for antiviral therapy. Results Of 1 256 participants, 110 (8.8%) were HBsAg-positive; their median age was 30 years [interquartile range: 25–33] and 96 (86.5%) were men. Three individuals (2.7%) had liver cirrhosis while 28 (29.5%) of 94 participants with available measurements had an HBV viral load ≥20 000 IU/ml. Overall, 11 (10.0%) subjects were considered eligible for immediate antiviral treatment; 2.1% of participants in Dakar, 7.7% in Abidjan and 21.6% in Lome (p=0.001) and 59 (53.4%) for close monitoring due to the presence of significant liver fibrosis, elevated ALT or significant HBV replication. Conclusions Among vulnerable populations in West Africa, a minority of HBV-infected individuals were eligible for immediate antiviral therapy. Prospective cohort studies are necessary to evaluate anti-HBV treatment eligibility facing the significant proportion of individuals with active chronic HBV infection.

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“…One study conducted among people living with HIV in 2011 estimated the HBV prevalence at 9.7% [4]. Another study among prisoners in 2013 estimated the prevalence at 12.5%, while a study among individuals in a hospital in Lomé found a prevalence as high as 19.1% [5] [13]. However, no study in Togo has so far specifically focused on the prevalence of HBV among youth and university students, who could be considered a vulnerable population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest prevalence of Hepatitis B with 80 million people carriers of HBV [4] and a prevalence ranging from 5% to 10% in the adult population [1]. Despite HBV prevalence being relatively high in SSA, screening and treatment is still limited or rare in this region [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hepatitis B among Students from the University of Lomé, Togo in 2015

Ekouévi¹,

Thomas²,

Dieudonné³

et al. 2017

OJEpi

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Objective: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa where more than 80 million subjects are chronic carriers. However, screening is not systematic in the population and prevalence data are scarce, especially among the youth population. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HBV and its correlates among first-year University students at the University of Lomé. Study design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2015 and January 2016 at the University of Lomé during the annual checkup offered to newly enrolled students. Method: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics and sexual behaviors, and rapid tests were used for the detection of Antigen HB S (HBsAg) and HIV in each participant. A logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with HBsAg positivity. Results: A total of 800 students (56.2% were men) were screened among 1505 students who participated in the study. The median age was 20 years (IQR: [18 -21]). The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 4.6% (95% CI: [3.2 -6.3]): 5.8% among men and 3.1% among women (p = 0.04). The prevalence of HIV was 0.8; 95%CI [0.3% -1.6%] and one case (0.1%) of coinfection HIV and HBV was identified. Factors associated with HBsAg positivity were male gender [adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.02 -5.00, p = 0.0447] and ever having a sexual relationship [aOR = 2.44; 95% CI = 1.11 -5.78, p= 0.0264]. Conclusion: This study among university students demonstrates that the prevalence of HBV is high among this population and that there is a need for prevention programs to target this vulnerable population. This is an additional argument How to cite this paper:

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HIV infection, viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis among prison inmates in West Africa

Cited by 39 publications

References 43 publications

High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries

High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries

Hepatitis B treatment eligibility in West Africa: Uncertainties and need for prospective cohort studies

Prevalence of Hepatitis B among Students from the University of Lomé, Togo in 2015

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HIV infection, viral hepatitis and liver fibrosis among prison inmates in West Africa

Cited by 39 publications

References 43 publications

High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries

High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries

Hepatitis B treatment eligibility in West Africa: Uncertainties and need for prospective cohort studies

Prevalence of Hepatitis B among Students from the University of Lom&#233;, Togo in 2015

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Prevalence of Hepatitis B among Students from the University of Lomé, Togo in 2015