HIV-positive females show blunted neurophysiological responses in an emotion–attention dual task paradigm

Tartar, Jaime L.; McIntosh, Roger C.; Rosselli, Mónica; Widmayer, Susan M.; Nash, Allan J.

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2013.09.048

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Prior small studies have compared early potentials evoked by auditory oddball and visual stimulation tasks in HIV+ and HIV– samples. Most reported no difference in N100 or N200 amplitudes between groups (Chao, Lindgren, Flenniken, & Weiner, 2004; J Polich, 2000; Tartar et al, 2004), although two studies found reduced N200 amplitudes in HIV+ groups (J Polich, 2000; Tartar, McIntosh, Rosselli, Widmayer, & Nash, 2014). Here, in a larger sample, using cortical source estimation we show that these earlier processing stages in auditory and visual modalities are relatively spared.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal neuroimaging markers of variation in cognitive ability in older HIV+ men

Cruz

Chen

Sanford

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveThis study used converging methods to define the structural and functional characteristics of the neural substrates underlying variation in cognitive ability in older men with well-controlled HIV infection.MethodsSeventy-six HIV+ men treated with combination antiretrovirals completed attention and inhibitory control tasks tapping different cortico-subcortical circuits while time-locked high-density EEG was acquired. Fifty-four also underwent structural MRI. We investigated relationships between task-evoked EEG responses, cognitive ability and immunocompromise. MRI suggested a subcortical basis for the observed EEG effects.ResultsEEG activity was associated with cognitive ability at later (P300) but not earlier processing stages of both tasks. However, only the P300 evoked by the attention task was associated with past HIV infection severity. Source localization confirmed that the tasks engaged different brain circuits. Thalamus volumes correlated with P300 amplitudes evoked by the attention task, while globus pallidus volumes were related to the P300 in both tasks.InterpretationThis is the first study to combine structural and functional imaging in an overlapping sample to address the neural circuits related to cognitive dysfunction in HIV. Neural substrates of attention were more affected than those supporting inhibitory control. Preliminary evidence suggests these differences may relate to vulnerability of the thalamus to the effects of HIV. Our results suggest high-yield tasks and circuit targets for future work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal neuroimaging markers of variation in cognitive ability in older HIV+ men

Cruz

Chen

Sanford

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…[25][26][27] Furthermore, a number of electrophysiology studies have shown attenuation of various event-related potential components associated with saliency detection generated, in part, by the anterior cingulate (eg, P3, LPP) in PLWH. [74][75][76][77][78] Again, theta in women was significantly higher in certain voxels of BA 32, with a trend toward an interaction between depression and gender with higher theta activity in nondepressed women. In certain voxels of BA 24 and 10, there was a greater 7-Hz activity in women, with higher 7-Hz activity among nondepressed women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interhemispheric Asymmetries and Theta Activity in the Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex as EEG Signature of HIV-Related Depression

et al. 2015

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Resting EEGs of 40 people living with HIV (PLWH) on long-term antiretroviral treatment were examined for z-scored deviations from a healthy control (normative database) to examine the main and interaction effects of depression and gender. Regions of interest were frontal (alpha) and central (all bands) for interhemispheric asymmetries in quantitative EEGs and theta in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) in low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). Z-scored normed deviations of depressed PLWH, compared with nondepressed, showed right-dominant interhemispheric asymmetries in all regions. However, after adjusting for multiple testing, significance remained only central for theta, alpha, and beta. Reversed (left-dominant) frontal alpha asymmetry is a potential EEG marker of depression in the HIV negative population that was not reversed in depressive PLWH; however, corresponding with extant literature, gender had an effect on the size of frontal alpha asymmetry. The LORETA analysis revealed a trending interactional effect of depression and gender on theta activity in the rACC in Brodmann area 32. We found that compared to men, women had greater right-dominant frontal alpha-asymmetry and elevated theta activity in voxels of the rACC, which may indicate less likelihood of depression and a higher likelihood of response to antidepressants. In conclusion, subtle EEG deviations, such as right-dominant central theta, alpha, and beta asymmetries and theta activity in the rACC may mark HIV-related depressive symptoms and may predict the likelihood of response to antidepressants but gender effects need to be taken into account. Although this study introduced the use of LORETA to examine the neurophysiological correlates of negative affect in PLWH, further research is needed to assess the utility of this tool in diagnostics and treatment monitoring of depression in PLWH.

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“…Prior smaller studies have compared early potentials evoked by auditory oddball and visual stimulation tasks in HIV+ and HIV-groups. Most reported no difference in N100 or N200 amplitudes between groups [44][45][46], although two studies found reduced N200 amplitudes in HIV+ groups [44,47]. No work to date has asked whether early potentials relate to cognitive performance.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal neuroimaging markers of variation in cognitive ability in older HIV+ men

et al. 2021

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Objective This study used converging methods to examine the neural substrates of cognitive ability in middle-aged and older men with well-controlled HIV infection. Methods Seventy-six HIV+ men on antiretroviral treatment completed an auditory oddball task and an inhibitory control (Simon) task while time-locked high-density EEG was acquired; 66 had usable EEG data from one or both tasks; structural MRI was available for 43. We investigated relationships between task-evoked EEG responses, cognitive ability and immunocompromise. We also explored the structural correlates of these EEG markers in the sub-sample with complete EEG and MRI data (N = 27). Results EEG activity was associated with cognitive ability at later (P300) but not earlier stages of both tasks. Only the oddball task P300 was reliably associated with HIV severity (nadir CD4). Source localization confirmed that the tasks engaged partially distinct circuits. Thalamus volume correlated with oddball task P300 amplitude, while globus pallidus volume was related to the P300 in both tasks. Interpretation This is the first study to use task-evoked EEG to identify neural correlates of individual differences in cognition in men living with well-controlled HIV infection, and to explore the structural basis of the EEG markers. We found that EEG responses evoked by the oddball task are more reliably related to cognitive performance than those evoked by the Simon task. We also provide preliminary evidence for a subcortical contribution to the effects of HIV infection severity on P300 amplitudes. These results suggest brain mechanisms and candidate biomarkers for individual differences in cognition in HIV.

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HIV-positive females show blunted neurophysiological responses in an emotion–attention dual task paradigm

Cited by 7 publications

References 64 publications

Multimodal neuroimaging markers of variation in cognitive ability in older HIV+ men

Multimodal neuroimaging markers of variation in cognitive ability in older HIV+ men

Interhemispheric Asymmetries and Theta Activity in the Rostral Anterior Cingulate Cortex as EEG Signature of HIV-Related Depression

Multimodal neuroimaging markers of variation in cognitive ability in older HIV+ men

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