HIV prevalence and related risk factors among male sex workers in Shenzhen, China: results from a time-location sampling survey

Wen-de, Cai; Zhao, Jin; Zhao, Jinkou; Raymond, H. Fisher; Feng, Yuji; Liu, Jie; McFarland, Willi; Gan, Yongxia; Yang, Zhengrong; Zhang, Yan; Tan, Jie; Wang, Xiaorong; He, Ming‐Liang; Cheng, Jinquan; Chen, Lin

doi:10.1136/sti.2009.037440

Cited by 63 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Other regional and sentinel surveys reveal high HIV prevalence rates among MSM in many large metropolitan areas: 5.2% in Beijing in 2006 [11], 7-8% in Chongqing [12,13], and 10.6% in Chengdu [14], while rising HIV prevalence rates among MSM were also reported in Nanjing [15], Shenyang [16], Shenzhen [17,18], Jinan [19], and Jiangsu Province [20]. The increased number of reported cases among MSM may result from a combination of factors, including a higher disclosure rate that can be attributed to increasing cultural acceptance of homosexuality and the expanding size of sexual networks [4,21] and increased presence of risk behaviors [2,16,[22][23][24][25][26] with persistently high rates of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) among MSM [10,14,27] in China. It is undeniable that China, like other Asian countries, is facing an expanding HIV epidemic among its 10 to 20 million MSM [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Social Network and Other Correlates of HIV Testing: Findings from Male Sex Workers and Other MSM in Shanghai, China

Huang

Nehl

et al. 2012

AIDS Behav

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Although the Chinese government provides free-of-charge voluntary HIV counseling and testing, HIV testing rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) are reported to be extremely low. This study examines the association of structural and psychosocial factors and social network characteristics with HIV testing behaviors among "money boys" and general MSM in Shanghai. Overall, 28.5% of "money boys" and 50.5% of general MSM had never tested for HIV despite high rates of reported HIV risk behaviors. Factors associated with not testing for HIV included: not knowing of a testing site, limited HIV knowledge, low perceived HIV risk, concern about HIV testing confidentiality, being a closeted gay, not using the Internet, and having a small social network or network with few members who had tested for HIV. Future efforts to promote HIV testing should focus on outreach to general MSM, confidentiality protection, decreasing the stigma of homosexuality, and encouraging peer education and support through the Internet and social networks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Social Network and Other Correlates of HIV Testing: Findings from Male Sex Workers and Other MSM in Shanghai, China

Huang

Nehl

et al. 2012

AIDS Behav

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“…Furthermore, there is no research addressing whether a difference in education corresponds to a difference in sexual behavior. As for sexual orientation, much of the current research indicates that MSW identify not only as homosexual sex workers, but also as heterosexuals and bisexuals [3,11,15,17,18,20]. These two variables, education level and sexual orientation, have been explored in some research studies, but only in descriptive analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Some studies indicate that MSW undertake behaviors that place themselves and their regular and occasional partners at risk for HIV infection [2,6,[11][12][13]; however, many also indicate that certain high-risk behaviors are performed less frequently than previously assumed [14]. There is very little research examining such specific risk behaviors among MSW [12,14].…”

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confidence: 97%

Sexual Risk Behaviors for HIV Infection in Spanish Male Sex Workers: Differences According to Educational Level, Country of Origin and Sexual Orientation

et al. 2011

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“…This method is frequently used to recruit hard-to-reach populations. [19][20][21] Based on focus groups with key informants, a list of bars frequented by young adult LGBT individuals in Las Vegas, NV, was generated. Venues and times were randomly selected, and data collectors approached all young adults present in the venue at the randomly selected time, and invited those who reported their age was between 21 and 30 to complete a 77-item paper and pen survey.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Social Branding to Decrease Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Young Adult Smoking

Fallin

Neilands

Jordan³

et al. 2015

NICTOB

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Introduction: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals are more likely to smoke than the general population. This study evaluated a Social Branding intervention, CRUSH, which included an aspirational brand, social events, and targeted media to discourage smoking among LGBT young adults in Las Vegas, NV. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys (N = 2,395) were collected in Las Vegas LGBT bars at 2 time points 1 year apart. Multivariate logistic regressions examined associations between campaign exposure, message understanding, and current (past 30 days) smoking, controlling for demographics. Results:LGBT individuals were significantly more likely to report current (past 30 day) smoking than heterosexual/straight, gender-conforming participants. Overall, 53% of respondents reported exposure to CRUSH; of those exposed, 60% liked the campaign, 60.3% reported they would attend a CRUSH event on a night when they usually went somewhere else, and 86.3% correctly identified that the campaign was about "partying fresh and smokefree. " Current smoking was reported by 47% of respondents at Time 1 and 39.6% at Time 2. There were significant interactions between time and campaign exposure and campaign exposure and understanding the message. Among those who understood the CRUSH smokefree message, the highest level of campaign exposure was significantly associated with 37%-48% lower odds for current smoking. Conclusions: While longitudinal studies would better assess the impact of this intervention, CRUSH shows promise to reduce tobacco use among LGBT bar patrons.

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HIV prevalence and related risk factors among male sex workers in Shenzhen, China: results from a time-location sampling survey

Cited by 63 publications

References 26 publications

Social Network and Other Correlates of HIV Testing: Findings from Male Sex Workers and Other MSM in Shanghai, China

Social Network and Other Correlates of HIV Testing: Findings from Male Sex Workers and Other MSM in Shanghai, China

Sexual Risk Behaviors for HIV Infection in Spanish Male Sex Workers: Differences According to Educational Level, Country of Origin and Sexual Orientation

Social Branding to Decrease Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Young Adult Smoking

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