HIV risk factors among patients with tuberculosis — Botswana                1999

Talbot, Elizabeth A.; Kenyon, Thomas; Moeti, Themba; Hsin, Gary; Dooley, Laura; El-Halabi, Shenaaz; Binkin, Nancy

doi:10.1258/0956462021925126

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Of the 20 studies included in Fisher and colleagues' meta-analysis, 19 were retained for inclusion in the present study (Ao, Sam, Masenga, Seage, & Kapiga, 2006;Ayisi et al, 2000;Braddick et al, 1990;Demissie, Amre, & Tsega, 1996;Fritz et al, 2002;Hargreaves et al, 2002;Kapiga, Lyamuya, Lwihula, & Hunter, 1998;Kapiga et al, 2002;Kapiga et al, 2006;Lewis et al, 2005;Mbulaiteye et al, 2000;Mnyika, Klepp, Kvåle, & Ole-King'ori, 1996;Ndina-Achola et al, 1997;Sebit et al, 2003;Simbayi et al, 2004;Talbot et al, 2002;Tengia-Kessey, Msamanga, & Moshino, 1998;Zablotska et al, 2006;Zuma, Gouws, Williams, & Lurie, 2003) and one (Gilgen, Williams, & Campbell, 2000) was excluded for failing to meet the inclusion criteria specified below (i.e., it was not published in a peer-reviewed journal). An additional eight nonoverlapping studies published prior to 2009 were identified from our previous narrative review (Allen et al, 1992;Bassett et al, 1996;Clift et al, 2003;Dunkle et al, 2004;Fisher, Cook, Sam, & Kapiga, 2008;Msuya et al, 2006;St.…”

Section: Methods Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on alcohol use and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: Meta-analysis and future research directions

Woolf‐King

Steinmaus

Reingold

et al. 2013

IJADR

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Aims: Sub-Saharan Africa is disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS, and growing evidence suggests that alcohol consumption is a co-occurring problem in the region. We conducted a meta-analysis on studies of alcohol use and HIV infection in subSaharan Africa in order to assess associations, evaluate heterogeneity in the literature, identify susceptible subgroups, and suggest avenues for future research.Design: We performed a systematic review, including published review articles and electronic database searches, and identified 35 studies on alcohol use and HIV. Setting and participants:All of the studies included in the meta-analysis occurred with adults in sub-Saharan Africa.Measurements: Pooled odds ratio (OR) estimates were calculated using both the fixed inverse variance weighting method and the random effects method when evidence of heterogeneity was present. Findings:The pooled OR estimate for all studies was 1.61 (95% CI: 1.44-1.80). The association between alcohol use and prevalence or incident HIV infection was particularly large among samples who reported problem drinking (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.64-2.87) and drinking in sexual contexts (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.55-2.06). Some evidence of publication bias was present; however, the OR remained statistically significant in small and large studies and with population-based and high-risk samples.

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Section: Methods Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on alcohol use and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: Meta-analysis and future research directions

Woolf‐King

Steinmaus

Reingold

et al. 2013

IJADR

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“…A study among TB patients found the use of alcohol before sex by either the respondent or their sex partner was significantly associated with being HIV+ (Talbot et al, 2002). In contrast, another study conducted among men and women receiving STI clinic services found no significant difference in HIV prevalence between those who had or had not used alcohol in sexual contexts in the previous month (Simbayi et al, 2004).…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 98%

“…To identify risk factors associated with HIV, an unmatched case-control study in Gaborone, Botswana, was conducted between 1 May and 1 December 1999 among 135 tuberculosis (TB) patients whose HIV status was known (Talbot et al, 2002).…”

Section: Clinic/health Facility Attendeesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, one study conducted among TB patients found that alcohol use before sex was significantly associated with being HIV+, whereas another study conducted among STI clinic patients found no significant difference between those who had or had not used alcohol in sexual contexts in the previous month and HIV prevalence (Simbayi et al, 2004;Talbot et al, 2002). One study conducted among beer hall patrons found that having sex while intoxicated in the previous 6 months was significantly associated with HIV prevalence and recent seroconversion (Fritz et al, 2002).…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Descriptive systematic review of sub-Saharan African studies on the association between alcohol use and HIV infection

Pithey

Parry

2009

SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS

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The purpose of this review was to identify and assess studies that have quantified the association between alcohol consumption and HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. PubMed, CAB Abstracts and article references were searched to identify studies published in English between 2000 and 2008 that reported relative measures of the association between alcohol use and HIV prevalence and/or seroconversion rates. Twenty-one eligible studies were described in detail and information on study characteristics extracted. All of the identified studies were conducted either in east or southern Africa, and varied substantially regarding study population and alcohol use definitions. Overall, users of alcohol and especially problem drinkers were more likely to be HIV seropositive (HIV+) than non-users, frequency or quantity of alcohol use was positively associated with HIV prevalence, and the association varied by gender. The use of alcohol in sexual contexts was significantly associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition and prevalence.The findings of this review of sub-Saharan African research strongly support an association between alcohol consumption and HIV infection. Although a causal relationship could not be established with certainty from the mainly cross-sectional studies, the negative consequences of such an association have profound implications for the burden of disease in this region. To confirm causality, future research should use prospective study designs, use clearly defined standardised measures of alcohol use (and problematic drinking) and an 'event-specific' approach to examine the situational links between alcohol use and HIV acquisition. Keywords: Alcohol, HIV, sexual risk, Africa.Anne Pithey is an independent researcher who has worked for the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Unit (ADARU) of the South African Medical Research Council (MRC) over a number of years. Her primary role has been to undertake systematic reviews of the literature and to assist with a variety of writing tasks. She holds an MSc (Med) from the University of Cape Town. Charles

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“…A variety of studies have confirmed TB transmission by coinfected individuals (24)(25)(26). However, given the large population of people with HIV and TB, it is unclear whether ongoing transmission of TB is more likely attributed to HIV-infected patients with TB or their seronegative counterparts.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and HIV: Recent Advances in Understanding and Responses

Martinson¹,

Hoffmann²,

Chaisson³

2011

Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society

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Although tuberculosis (TB) continues to cause enormous suffering and overwhelm health care systems in areas with high HIV prevalence, there have been a number of recent significant advances in knowledge regarding the epidemiology, management, and control of HIV-related TB. TB remains the most common serious opportunistic infection in people with HIV infection and the leading cause of death. However, there is some reason for optimism. First, two trials addressing when to start antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected adults with newly diagnosed TB have shown that earlier initiation of ART reduces mortality significantly. Second, there is trial evidence of efficacy in giving long-term isoniazid preventive treatment (IPT) to HIV-infected adults in high HIV-prevalence settings where TB reinfection is frequent (much like cotrimoxazole). Third, the search for an inexpensive, rapid, sensitive, and specific TB diagnostic that is able to replace smear and delayed mycobacterial culture has yielded promising results. Responding to massive TB epidemics in high HIVprevalence settings, the World Health Organization has supplemented its directly observed treatment short-course strategy with one called the 3I's to actively screen and diagnose TB cases (intensified case finding), prevent new cases of TB with IPT, and prevent transmission of TB in congregate settings such as hospitals and clinics (infection control). Combating TB in high HIV-prevalence settings requires rapid and massive implementation of the 3I's with initiation of antiretrovirals and more effective efforts to prevent new HIV infections.

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HIV risk factors among patients with tuberculosis — Botswana 1999

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

An update on alcohol use and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: Meta-analysis and future research directions

An update on alcohol use and risk of HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa: Meta-analysis and future research directions

Descriptive systematic review of sub-Saharan African studies on the association between alcohol use and HIV infection

Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and HIV: Recent Advances in Understanding and Responses

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