HIV Transmission in a State Prison System, 1988–2005

Jafa, Krishna; McElroy, Peter D.; Fitzpatrick, Lisa; Borkowf, Craig B.; MacGowan, Robin J.; Margolis, Andrew D.; Robbins, Ken; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Stratford, Dale; Greenberg, Alan E.; Taussig, Jennifer; Shouse, R. Luke; LaMarre, Madeleine; McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor; Heneine, Walid; Sullivan, Patrick S.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005416

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…9,[16][17][18] In addition, the rate of inmates with positive HIV seroconversion after initial intake in this study was 0.22%, nearly identical to the rate of 0.20% found in a study conducted within the Georgia prison system in 2005. 13 Continued efforts to document infection rates, both prior to and during incarceration, can present an informative picture of the risk faced by inmates and their partners upon release.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Results of a Pilot Study of Pre-release STD Testing and Inmates’ Risk Behaviors in an Ohio Prison

Sieck

Dembe

2011

J Urban Health

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This study presents the results of a pilot study of mandatory pre-release testing for sexually transmitted disease (STD) and a behavioral risk survey for male inmates at an Ohio prison. Approximately 4-6 weeks prior to scheduled release, inmates took part in a mandatory blood test and optional genital swab and physical examination to test for STDs. At the time of testing, a voluntary behavioral and knowledge survey was administered to inmates. Pre-release testing identified 53 new cases of STDs among the 916 inmates (5.5%) scheduled for release during the pilot study period. Trichomoniasis and hepatitis C were the most common infections identified through pre-release testing. Nearly all inmates participated in the required blood test. Participation rates for the other testing methods averaged less than 45%. Inmates reported engaging in various risky behaviors during incarceration such as having sex (12.1%), tattooing (36.5%), and drug use (19.5%). Pre-release testing identified several new cases of STDs not identified through existing intake and for-cause testing procedures. Substantial useful information about the prevalence of STD risk behaviors can be obtained through a pre-release survey.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Results of a Pilot Study of Pre-release STD Testing and Inmates’ Risk Behaviors in an Ohio Prison

Sieck

Dembe

2011

J Urban Health

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“…41 Also, it did not sample current prisoners, whose MSM behaviors may have been limited to while they were incarcerated. 42 Third, the participants may not have accurately disclosed their risk behaviors during the interview. Although their responses are subject to social desirability bias, it is believed to be minimal because the interview was anonymous and confidentiality was assured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Arrest and Associated Factors among Men Who Have Sex with Men

et al. 2011

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Incarceration has been proposed to be a driving factor in the disproportionate impact of HIV in African-American communities. However, few data have been reported on disparities in criminal justice involvement by race among men who have sex with men (MSM). To describe history of arrest and associated factors among, we used data from CDC's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system. Respondents were recruited by time-space sampling in venues frequented by MSM in 15 US cities from 2003 to 2005. Data on recent arrest (in the 12 months before the interview), risk behaviors, and demographic information were collected by face-to-face interview for MSM who did not report being HIV-positive. Six hundred seventy-nine (6.8%) of 10,030 respondents reported recent arrest. Compared with white MSM, black MSM were more likely to report recent arrest history (odds ratio (OR), 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-2.1). Men who were less gay-identified (bisexual [OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9] or heterosexual [OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.5]) were more likely to report recent arrest than homosexually identified men. In addition, men who reported arrest history were more likely to have used non-injection (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.4-3.6) and injection (OR, 4.7; 95%, 3.3-6.7) drugs, exchanged sex (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 2.1-3.4), and had a female partner (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-2.0) in the 12 months before interview. Recent arrest was associated with insertive unprotected anal intercourse in the 12 months before interview (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7). Racial differences in arrest seen in the general US population are also present among MSM, and history of arrest was associated with high-risk sex. Future research and interventions should focus on clarifying the relationship between criminal justice involvement and sexual risk among MSM, particularly black MSM.

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“…HIVinfected persons in congregate settings, such as prisons and centers for refugees or internally displaced persons, have a higher risk and incidence of TB, HIV infection, and drug use in many countries [53][54][55]. There is often increased transmission of HIV and TB, including MDR-TB, in prisons [51,54,56]. The crowded living conditions in most congregate settings facilitate the transmission of TB.…”

Section: Hiv Infection-related Tb In Special Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Infection–Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response

Getahun

Gunneberg

Granich³

et al. 2010

CLIN INFECT DIS

504

413

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Of the 33.2 million persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one-third are estimated to also be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2008, there were an estimated 1.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) among persons with HIV infection, and TB accounted for 26% of AIDS-related deaths. The relative risk of TB among HIV-infected persons, compared with that among HIV-uninfected persons, ranges from 20- and 37-fold, depending on the state of the HIV epidemic. In 2008, 1.4 million patients with TB were tested globally for HIV, and 81 countries tested more than half of their patients with TB for HIV. Only 4% of all persons infected with HIV were screened for TB in the same year. Decentralization of HIV treatment services and strengthening of its integration with TB services are essential. Use of the highly decentralized TB services as an entry point to rapidly expand access to antiretroviral therapy and methods for prevention of HIV infection must be pursued aggressively.

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HIV Transmission in a State Prison System, 1988–2005

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

Results of a Pilot Study of Pre-release STD Testing and Inmates’ Risk Behaviors in an Ohio Prison

Results of a Pilot Study of Pre-release STD Testing and Inmates’ Risk Behaviors in an Ohio Prison

History of Arrest and Associated Factors among Men Who Have Sex with Men

HIV Infection–Associated Tuberculosis: The Epidemiology and the Response

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