HLA A*32 is associated to HIV acquisition while B*44 and B*53 are associated with protection against HIV acquisition in perinatally exposed infants

Abstract

Background Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules play a key role in the cellular immune system. They may be determinants of mother-to-child transmission which is the driving force in pediatric HIV infection. We intended to look at the impact of the distribution of these polymorphic HLA genes in the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in Cameroon. Methods A total of 156 mother-baby pairs were enrolled in three hospitals of Yaounde, capital of Cameroon. After the extraction of the DNA from blood samples using the Qiagen Kit as per manufacturer’ instructions, the polymorphism of the HLA class 1 ABC was determined using the PCR- sequence specific primers assay. Results The distribution of HLA class 1 revealed that none of the allele studied was associated with transmitters or non-transmitters, so was not implicated in transmission. The regression analysis showed that HLA A*32 [OR 0.062 (CI; 0.0075 to 0.51)] is associated with HIV acquisition while HLA B*44 [OR 0.47 (CI; 0.21 to 1.14)] and HLA B*53 [OR; 0.14 (CI; 0.018 to 1.22)] were implicated in reducing the acquisition of HIV by infants. The homozygosity of locus C [OR 6.99 (CI; 1.81 to 26.88), p = 0.0027] was found as a risk factor for the acquisition, while the A*32-B*44 haplotype [OR 10.1 (CI 1.17 to 87.87), p = 0.03] was a risk factor for the transmission. Conclusion This study has found that HLA A*32, B*44 and B*53 have an impact in MTCT outcomes. The homozygosity of locus C and the A*32-B*44 haplotype were risk factors for acquisition and transmission respectively. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12887-019-1620-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Estimating the Binding of Sars-CoV-2 Peptides to HLA Class I in Human Subpopulations Using Artificial Neural Networks

“…The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system or the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a very polymorphic region of the human genome, which plays an important role in the individual genetic susceptibility to human diseases ( Dendrou et al., 2018 ). For example, in infectious diseases, HIV infection was shown to be highly correlated with HLA-A ∗ 29, HLA-B ∗ 35, and HLA-B ∗ 57 ( Hill, 1998 ; Mallal et al., 2002 ; Carrington et al., 1999 ; Goulder and Watkins, 2008 ; Mekue et al., 2019 ; Valenzuela-Ponce et al., 2018 ), and H1N1 flu was shown to be associated with several HLAs ( Falfán-Valencia et al., 2018 ; Luckey et al., 2019 ). Association between disease severity and HLA was also reported in SARS-CoV patients ( Lin et al., 2003 ; Ng et al., 2004 ; Chen et al., 2006 ; Keicho et al., 2009 ; Spìnola, 2016 ).…”

Immune Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern

“…The individual genetic susceptibility to viral infection is known to be affected by the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system or the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), a very polymorphic region of the human genome (3). For example, H1N1 flu infection was shown to be correlated with several HLAs (4,5) and HIV infection was more pronounced in individuals with HLA-A*29, HLA-B*35, and HLA-B*57 (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Most importantly, an association between disease severity and HLA was also revealed for patients infected by SARS-CoV (12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”