HLA and longevity or aging among Shanghai Chinese

Ma, Yue; Zhu, Yongfa; Zan-Shun, Wang; Chuan-Fu, Wang; Su-Ying, Chen; Mao-tong, Zhao; Gong-Liang, Zhang; Su-Qin, Zheng; Zhang, Jian Gang; Qi, Gu; He, Lin

doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(96)01848-9

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This process leads to lower entry of the cells into the cell cycle, and to lower proto-oncogene expression (c-myc gene; Gamble et al 1990), and inhibits cell progression (Perillo et al 1993). Nevertheless, contradictory results have been reported: lymphocyte proliferation was reported to be higher in the nonagenarians than in younger (75-90 years) aged individuals and this difference was related to different genetic background in survivors (Proust et al 1982;Yong-Xing et al 1997). We have recently reported ) that proliferation of lymphocytes from very-carefully-selected healthy elderly subjects without any micronutrient deficiency is comparable with that from similarly healthy young adults.…”

Section: T-cell Functionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nutrition and immunity in the elderly

1999

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Immune function declines with age, leading to increased infection and cancer rates in aged individuals. In fact, recent progress in the study of immune ageing has introduced the idea that rather than a general decline in the functions of the immune system with age, immune ageing is mainly characterized by a progressive appearance of immune dysregulation throughout life. Changes appear earlier in life for cell-mediated immunity than for humoral immunity. Thus, agerelated modifications in cell-mediated immunity, i.e. changes in naive : memory T-cells, mature : immature T-cells, T-helper 1 : T-helper 2 cells are more important in the elderly than changes in humoral immunity, i.e. CD5 : CD5+ cells or length of antibody responses. Such evolution of the immune system has been linked to declining thymus function and to accumulative antigenic influence over the lifespan. In contrast, innate immunity (macrophage functions) is preserved or even increased during the ageing process. This finding shows that the 'primitive' immune system is less affected by the ageing process than the sophisticated specific immune system. The present review focuses on innate and cell-mediated immune changes with ageing. It provides evidence that primary changes (intrinsic modifications in the immune system) and secondary changes (resulting from environmental influences during the lifespan) exert different influences on the immune system. Primary changes, occurring in healthy individuals, seem less important nowadays than they were considered to be previously. For example, interleukin 2 secretion in some very healthy aged individuals is comparable with that in younger adults. Primary immune changes may not explain the increased incidence and severity of infections observed in the elderly population. Secondary immunological changes are far more frequent and are certainly responsible for most of the immune modifications observed in the elderly population. Environmental factors leading to secondary immune dysfunctions include not only antigenic influence, which is a reflection of diseases experienced over the lifespan, but also many other factors such as drug intake, physical activity and diet; factors for which important changes occur in the elderly population. Nutritional factors play a major role in the immune responses of aged individuals and the present review shows that nutritional influences on immune responses are of great consequence in aged individuals, even in the very healthy elderly.

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Section: T-cell Functionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nutrition and immunity in the elderly

1999

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“…Environmental factors such as nutrition (Lesourd, 1 9 9 0~;Feldman, 1993) and infectious diseases (Proust et al 1985;Nafziger et al 1993) appear to be major factors influencing immune ageing, which also depends on the genetic background of the individual (Proust er al. 1982;Yong-Xing et al 1997).…”

Section: Immune Response: Disease: Ageing: Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response during disease and recovery in the elderly

Lesourd

1999

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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The present article reviews immune ageing and its relationship with nutritional ageing, with a particular insight into the influences of disease on both ageing processes. Immune ageing can be described primarily as the progressive appearance of immune dysregulations, mainly acquired immunity (mature: immature, naive: memory T lymphocyte subset decreases) leading to gradual increases in T-helper 2: T-helper 1 cells. This change is due initially to decreased thymic function, and later to accumulative antigen pressure over the lifespan. In contrast, innate immunity (macrophage functions) is preserved during the ageing process and in the elderly this leads to macrophage-lymphocyte dysequilibrium, which is particularly critical during on-going disease. Indeed, any disease induces long-lasting acute-phase reactions in aged patients and leads to body nutritional reserve (mainly protein) losses. Episodes of disease in the aged patient progressively deplete body nutritional reserves and lead to proteinenergy malnutrition, undernutritionassociated immunodeficiency, and finally cachexia. Undernutrition is a common symptom in the elderly; proteinenergy malnutrition is found in more than 50 % of hospitalized elderly patients and in most elderly diseased subjects. In addition, micronutrient deficit or low levels are common in home-living self-sufficient apparently-healthy elderly subjects. All these nutritional deficits induce decreased immune responses, and micronutrient deficits are now thought to be partly responsible for the decreased immune responses (immune ageing?) observed in the apparentlyhealthy elderly. Indeed, several studies have shown that micronutrient supplements induce increased immune responses in the healthy elderly. The progression of infectious diseases depends on immune responses and on nutritional status before the onset of illness in aged subjects. In addition, recovery depends on the intensity of acute-phase responses in the undernourished elderly. In fact, chronic acute-phase responses, commonly associated with diseases in aged patients, lead to progressive lowering of metabolic responses in the undernourished elderly. This can be quantified by increased production of free radicals during treatment and these increases may explain the difficulty in successfully treating aged patients. Nutritive therapy in order to improve metabolic processes and also to maintain body reserves should be considered as a necessary adjuvant therapy in the treatment of elderly patients. Immune response: Disease: Ageing: ElderlyOne of the most important changes for man in the 20th century is a drastic increase in life expectancy. Life expectancy has almost doubled in the last 100 years (Haut ComitC de la SantC Publique, 1994). As a consequence, the elderly population is rapidly increasing. In France, the elderly population (>60 years) has grown from 10 9% in 1960 to 17 % in 1992, and will continue to increase to comprise onethird of the population by 2030 (Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Epidemiologiques, ...

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“…In the last decades, several studies have examined the impact of HLA genes on life expectancy [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] due to the significant degree of polymorphism of these genes and their prominent role in modulating the immune response. Certain HLA specificities have a different distribution in elderly and young individuals.…”

Section: Hla Polymorphism and Association With Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite the prevalence of HLA class II alleles, there are also several HLA class I alleles associated with longevity: in adult Italians (high frequency of A31, B7, and Cw7) [49], Greeks (increased frequency of B16 and reduced B15) [11], Chinese (high frequency of A9 and low of A30, Cw3, w6, w7) [13], elderly Dutch women (reduced B40 frequency) [6] Given the vital role of HLA in modulating the immune response, it is suggested that survival and longevity might be positively associated with selecting HLA alleles and haplotypes conferring disease resistance or susceptibility. Several studies from the last decades have investigated these possible associations, but a definite conclusion is still lacking.…”

Section: Hla Polymorphism and Association With Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some of the Immunogenetics Aspects of Aging

Hadra

2021

Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research

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Summary The human life span could be influenced by the combined effect of environment, lifestyle, and genetic factors. Twin and family studies suggest that our genes control up to 25% of the lifespan. The aging immune system undergoes age-associated changes at multiple levels, resulting in a gradual loss of its ability to protect the organism against infections, low vaccine responses, and an increased probability of developing autoimmune diseases and malignancies. The highly polymorphic HLA complex is one of the major gene candidates associated with aging due to its crucial role in developing adaptive immunity and protecting the organism. Most of the data available have so far demonstrated a positive association with healthy aging for HLA alleles/haplotypes as protective against malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and conferring better control and response to infections. One of aging’s main manifestations is the chronic, low-grade inflammatory state observed in older people, caused by an imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. In general, it is has been agreed that longevity is related to anti-inflammatory genotype profiles. With advanced age, changes also occur in the B cell repertoire, which significantly affects the humoral immunity and leads to inadequate responses to infections and vaccines in the elderly. New genetic biomarkers associated with aging are being explored and discovered, contributing to a better understanding of the molecular processes underlying the immune dysfunction related to aging and developing strategies for rejuvenating the immune system based on immune-risk phenotypes.

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HLA and longevity or aging among Shanghai Chinese

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Nutrition and immunity in the elderly

Nutrition and immunity in the elderly

Immune response during disease and recovery in the elderly

Some of the Immunogenetics Aspects of Aging

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