Hoarding in obsessive compulsive disorder: results from a case-control study

Samuels, Jack; Bienvenu, O. Joseph; Riddle, Mark A.; Cullen, Bernadette; Grados, Marco A.; Liang, Kung‐Yee; Hoehn‐Saric, Rudolf; Nestadt, Gerald

doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00026-2

Cited by 277 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The familiality of hoarding has been previously demonstrated using data from the OCGS and the Johns Hopkins OCD Family Study, which predated the OCGS. Samuels et al (2002) reported that the first-degree relatives of hoarding probands had a greater prevalence of hoarding behavior than the relatives of non-hoarding probands, and both Hasler et al (2007) and Cullen et al (2007) noted a significant intrafamilial sib-sib correlation for the hoarding factor. When used as a predictor in treatment studies, the hoarding factor also stands out as being associated with poorer response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (Black et al, 1998;Mataix-Cols et al, 1999;Saxena et al, 2002) and greater likelihood of drop out from cognitive behavior therapy (Mataix-Cols et al, 2002), although a recent study found that hoarding and non-hoarding OCD patients responded equally well to paroxetine (Saxena et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also examined affected sibling similarity on the derived symptom dimensions via intraclass sibling correlations as in Korszun et al (2004). We expected the highest familial correlation for the hoarding factor based on clinical impressions, prior analyses by this group in the OCGS (Hasler et al, 2007), and findings from the Johns Hopkins OCD Family Study (Samuels et al, 2002;Cullen et al, 2007), a precursor to the OCGS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Further development of YBOCS dimensions in the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study: Symptoms vs. categories

Pinto

Greenberg

Grados

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research

144

115

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Despite progress in identifying homogeneous subphenotypes of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) through factor analysis of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Symptom Checklist (YBOCS-SC), prior solutions have been limited by a reliance on presupposed symptom categories rather than discrete symptoms. Furthermore, there have been only limited attempts to evaluate the © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. *Corresponding author: Anthony Pinto, Ph.D., Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Blvd., Providence, RI 02906 USA; tel: 1-401-455-6299; fax: 1-401-455-6442; e-mail: Anthony_Pinto@brown.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript familiality of OCD symptom dimensions. The purpose of this study was to extend prior work by this collaborative group in category-based dimensions by conducting the first-ever exploratory dichotomous factor analysis using individual OCD symptoms, comparing these results to a refined category-level solution, and testing the familiality of derived factors. Participants were 485 adults in the six-site OCD Collaborative Genetics Study, diagnosed with lifetime OCD using semi-structured interviews. YBOCS-SC data were factor analyzed at both the individual item and symptom category levels. Factor score intraclass correlations were calculated using a subsample of 145 independent affected sib pairs. The item-and category-level factor analyses yielded nearly identical 5-factor solutions. While significant sib-sib associations were found for 4 of the 5 factors, Hoarding and Taboo Thoughts were the most robustly familial (r ICC ≥ 0.2). This report presents considerable converging evidence for a 5-factor structural model of OCD symptoms, including separate factor analyses employing individual symptoms and symptom categories, as well as sibling concordance.The results support investigation of this multidimensional model in OCD genetic linkage studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further development of YBOCS dimensions in the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study: Symptoms vs. categories

Pinto

Greenberg

Grados

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research

144

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…22,36,37 In male, symmetry obsessions would be more common, 23,24,38 as well as ordering, 36,38 repeating, 19 checking, 23 and hoarding compulsions. 39,40,41 Torresan et al 25 found among Brazilian men more sexual, religious, and symmetry obsessions, as well as more mental rituals. Chacon et al 42 evaluated OCD symptom dimensions in 40 pairs of Brazilian siblings with OCD.…”

Section: Phenotypical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gender differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a literature review

Mathis

Alvarenga

Funaro

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

154

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Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous condition, in which subtypes have been proposed. Previous studies suggested that gender plays a relevant role in OCD phenotypic expression. This study aimed to review the literature on gender differences in clinical, genetic or familial aspects of OCD. Method: A conventional review was conducted, including all papers that investigated demographic, clinical, and genetic aspects of OCD according to gender. The search was based on data available in Medline and PsycINFO databases in the last 20 years, using as keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder; and: gender, sex, male, female, demographic characteristics, clinical features, clinical characteristics, genetic, genes, genetics gender OCD, genes OCD, genes OCD males, genes OCD females. Results: Sixty three of 487 phenotypical and genetics studies were selected. Most studies indicate that male patients are more likely than females to be single, present early onset of symptoms and chronic course of the disorder, greater social impairment, more sexual-religious and aggressive symptoms, and greater comorbidity with tic and substance use disorders. Female patients present more contamination/cleaning symptoms and greater comorbidity with eating and impulse-control disorders. Genetic and family studies are inconclusive, but suggest that gender may play a role in the disease expression. Conclusions: Gender is a relevant factor that should be taken into account when evaluating OCD patients. More studies are necessary to determine whether in fact it defines a homogeneous and particular group in OCD. ©2011 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved. Gender differences in obsessive- DesCRIPToRs:Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Gender identity; Sex; Phenotype; Genetics. ReVIeW ARTICLe 391Gender differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a literature review Diferenças de gênero no transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo: uma revisão da literatura ResumoIntrodução: O transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) é um quadro heterogêneo, no qual subtipos têm sido propostos. Estudos anteriores sugerem que gênero desempenha papel relevante na expressão fenotípica. O objetivo foi realizar uma revisão convencional da literatura sobre diferenças de gênero em relação a aspectos clínicos e genéticos ou familiares do TOC. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão convencional da literatura incluindo todos os artigos que investigaram aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e genéticos do TOC, de acordo com o gênero. A pesquisa foi baseada em publicações disponíveis nas bases de dados Medline e PsycInfo nos últimos 20 anos, usando como palavras-chave: obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), e: gender, sex, male, female, demographic characteristics, clinical features, clinical characteristics, genetic, genes, genetics gender OCD, genes OCD, genes OCD males, genes OCD females. Resultado: Sessenta e três artigos de fenótipo e genética foram selecionados. Na maioria dos estudos, o sexo masculino associou-se mais que o feminino com: ser solteiro, ap...

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“…These differences include greater severity of OCD, as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) (Goodman et al, 1989); higher scores on measures of general psychopathology, anxiety, and depression; greater prevalence of social phobia and generalized anxiety disorder; and higher levels of family and social disability (Frost, Krause, & Steketee, 1996;Samuels et al, 2002;. In addition, hoarding individuals have a greater prevalence of personality disorders, especially schizotypal, dependent, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive (Frost, Steketee, Williams, & Warren, 2000;Mataix-Cols, Baer, Rauch, & Jenike, 2000;Samuels et al, 2007a).…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific clinical correlates of hoarding in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Samuels

Bienvenu

Pinto

et al. 2008

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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Little is known about whether the clinical correlates of hoarding behavior are different in men and women with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In the current study, we evaluated the association of hoarding with categories of obsessions and compulsions, psychiatric disorders, personality dimensions, and other clinical characteristics separately in 151 men and 358 women with OCD who were examined during the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study. We found that, among men but not women, hoarding was associated with aggressive, sexual, and religious obsessions and checking compulsions. In men, hoarding was associated with generalized anxiety disorder and tics whereas, among women, hoarding was associated with social phobia, post-traumatic stress disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, nail biting, and skin picking. In women but not men, hoarding was associated with schizotypal and dependent personality disorder dimensions, and with low conscientiousness. These findings indicate that specific clinical correlates of hoarding in OCD are different in men and women and may reflect sex-specific differences in the course, expression, and/or etiology of hoarding behavior in OCD. KeywordsObsessive-compulsive disorder; hoarding; comorbidity; personality disorders; personality; sex differences *Corresponding author: Jack Samuels, Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins, University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Meyer 4-181, Baltimore, MD 21287-7228. Phone: 410-614-4942; Fax: 410-614-8137, E-mail address: jacks@jhmi.edu. NIH Public Access NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptHoarding behavior has been called "pathological collecting" and is characterized by the acquisition of, and unwillingness or inability to discard, large quantities of seemingly useless objects (Greenberg, Witztum & Levy, 1990;Frost & Gross, 1993). The behavior can lead to significantly cluttered living space in the home and can cause considerable distress and impairment in functioning for individuals and their family members (Tolin et al., 2008). The clutter may interfere with the normal use of space for basic household activities and increase the risk of injuries due to fire and falling, and illnesses due to poor sanitation, as well as legal citations and evictions from home by public health authorities . Although hoarding behavior can occur in several psychiatric conditions, including dementia, mental retardation, schizophrenia, and eating disorders (Damecour & Charron, 1998), it appears to occur most frequently in the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), presenting in 20-30% or more of patients with this condition (Rasmussen & Eisen, 1992; Frost, Krause, & Steketee, 1996).Over the past decade, considerable evidence has accumulated that OCD-affected individuals with hoarding behavior show clinical differences from those without hoarding behavior. These differences include greater severity of OCD, as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) (Goo...

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Hoarding in obsessive compulsive disorder: results from a case-control study

Cited by 277 publications

References 30 publications

Further development of YBOCS dimensions in the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study: Symptoms vs. categories

Further development of YBOCS dimensions in the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study: Symptoms vs. categories

Gender differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a literature review

Sex-specific clinical correlates of hoarding in obsessive-compulsive disorder

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