Hoarseness

Kim

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

2018

BackgroundKorean teacher’s working conditions are deteriorating. There is concern about the deterioration of teachers’ health and voice disorder is one of the most common problems. Teacher’s vocal health is important for them and their students. The aim of the present study was to investigate working conditions that may affect voice disorders.MethodsIn all, 79 primary and secondary schools were randomly selected for a nationwide school system survey (N = 3345). In 64 schools, 1617 (48.3%) teachers participated via a postal self-report questionnaire from June 2016 to August 2016. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, data from 1301 teachers’ were used for analysis. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the associations between general, work-related factors, and frequent voice disorders (fVDs) to estimate the adjusted odds ratio(aOR).ResultsTeachers who reported voice symptoms more than once a week (fVD) made up 11.6%. In a multiple logistic regression, fVD was significantly associated with female, difficulty in applying for sick leave as needed, music teachers (primary school), and less than 6 h of sleep per day (primary school). The aOR for fVD was 2.72 (0.83–8.10) in the longest working hours group (> 52 h/wk) among the primary school teachers, and 1.90 (0.80–4.73) in the longest class hour group (≥ 20 h/wk), 1.52 (0.90–2.62) in homeroom teachers among the secondary school teachers, but not statistically significant.ConclusionsKorean teachers’ working conditions are associated with fVDs. The school health system must take steps to prevent and treat voice disorders of teachers.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of teacher’s working conditions on voice disorder in Korea: a nationwide survey

Kim

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

2018

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol

“…Laryngitis is chronic if symptoms persist for 3 weeks or greater. 1 Symptoms of chronic laryngitis include dysphonia, globus sensation, odynophagia, and excessive throat clearing. 2,3 Etiologies for chronic laryngitis include laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), irritants (cigarette smoke or inhaled medications), rhinitis (allergic or other), mechanical irritation from voice misuse/overuse, and infectious, including bacterial laryngitis and laryngeal candidiasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 Etiologies for chronic laryngitis include laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), irritants (cigarette smoke or inhaled medications), rhinitis (allergic or other), mechanical irritation from voice misuse/overuse, and infectious, including bacterial laryngitis and laryngeal candidiasis. 3,4 Historically, routine use of antibiotics to treat chronic laryngitis has not been recommended, 1,5 and chronic infectious laryngitis secondary to bacterial infection remains a poorly understood disease process. Causative organisms have not been fully identified, and optimal treatment regimens are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Infectious Laryngitis: A Retrospective Review of 15 Cases

Thomas

Jetté

Clary

2017

Objectives To identify the culturable microbes associated with infectious laryngitis and outline effective treatment strategies. Methods This is a retrospective chart review of adult patients with persistent dysphonia plus evidence of laryngeal inflammation who underwent biopsy for culture at a tertiary care medical center. Demographic factors, symptoms as reported on validated patient assessment tools, past medical history, social history, culture results, and treatment duration and response were reviewed. Results Fifteen patients with infectious laryngitis were included in this study. Culture results demonstrated Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and “normal respiratory flora.” In most patients, multiple courses of prolonged antibiotics were needed to treat MSSA or MRSA. Infections associated with other microbes resolved with a single course of antibiotics. Conclusions In this population, infectious laryngitis is defined as colonization with bacteria not found in the previously characterized laryngeal microbiome of benign vocal fold lesions. In suspected cases of infectious laryngitis, culture is recommended, by biopsy if needed. For MSSA- and MRSA-associated laryngitis, an extended course of antibiotics may be necessary for symptom improvement and resolution of laryngeal inflammation. However, the optimal treatment regimen has yet to be defined and will require larger, prospective studies.

“…The terminology vocal fold paresis and paralysis implies that vocal fold hypomobility or immobility is present and attributable to neurologic injury to the vagus nerve or the recurrent laryngeal nerve 2 . The most common complaint of patients with vocal fold insufficiency is alteration of voice quality and/or loudness 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One suggested treatment algorithm indicates that treatment should begin with speech therapy focusing on building cricothyroid muscle strength using techniques such a glissando maneuvers 10 . Surgical intervention by injection augmentation or medialization thyroplasty is generally recommended for profound glottal incompetence or if results of voice therapy are inadequate 2, 8, 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular compensation mechanisms in vocal fold paralysis and paresis

et al. 2017

Introduction Vocal fold paresis and paralysis are common conditions. Treatment options include augmentation laryngoplasty and voice therapy. The optimal management for this condition is unclear. The objective of this study was to assess possible neuromuscular compensation mechanisms that could potentially be used in the treatment of vocal fold paresis and paralysis. Methods In an in vivo canine model we examined three conditions: (1) unilateral right recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paresis and paralysis, (2) unilateral superior laryngeal nerve paralysis (SLN), and (3) unilateral vagal nerve paresis and paralysis. Phonatory acoustics and aerodynamics were measured in each of these conditions. Effective compensation was defined as improved acoustic and aerodynamic profile. Results The most effective compensation for all conditions was increasing RLN activation and decreasing glottal gap. Increasing RLN activation increased the percentage of possible phonatory conditions that achieved phonation onset. SLN activation generally led to decreased number of total phonation onset conditions within each category. Differential effects of SLN (CT muscle) activation were seen: Ipsilateral SLN activation could compensate for RLN paralysis, normal CT compensated well in unilateral SLN paralysis, and in vagal paresis/paralysis contralateral SLN and RLN display antagonistic relationships. Conclusions Methods to improve glottal closure should be the primary treatment for large glottal gaps. Neuromuscular compensation is possible for paresis. This study provides insights into possible compensatory mechanisms in vocal fold paresis and paralysis.