Hodgkin lymphoma: a review of pathological features and recent advances in pathogenesis

Piris, Miguel Á.; Medeiros, L. Jeffrey; Chang, Kung Chao

doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2019.09.005

Cited by 79 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…It is very difficult to interpret considering that one case has been described so far (16)(17)(18). It is significant, that the MC subtype of HL is the most associated with EBV infection (19) (such as was present in our patient). There is also indicated impact of immune disorders (e.g., prior immunosuppression) on the development of both disease processes (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

A Case Report of a Female Patient With Hodgkin Lymphoma Localized in the Central Nervous System and With Concomitant Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

et al. 2020

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The involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has been rarely reported, especially in its primary isolated form. Herein, we present a case of a 33-year-old woman, who received immunosuppressive treatment due to ulcerative colitis (at the beginning azathioprine and sulfasalazine, changed to mesalazine), with repetitive episodes of loss of consciousness for a few weeks and with no other symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging scans of the head revealed a tumor in the lateral part of the left temporal lobe and in the cerebellum. Moreover, a subsequent computed tomographic scan of the chest revealed diffuse tumorous lesions in the lungs. The brain tumor was resected and a tumorous lesion resected from the lungs was biopsied. The histopathological analysis confirmed the final diagnosis of HL localized in the CNS with concomitant pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) grade 1. After the patient underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the patient showed complete regression of lesions in the CNS and lungs, which was confirmed by positron emission tomographic scan. LYG and CNS-HL are rare proliferative disease derived from lymphocytes B and associated with EBV infections. An association between LYG and other autoimmune disorders has been reported, but to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of the CNS-HL associated with lymphatoid granulomatosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

A Case Report of a Female Patient With Hodgkin Lymphoma Localized in the Central Nervous System and With Concomitant Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

et al. 2020

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“…CD68 and CD163 expression in classical HL (CHL) is related to increased age, EBER positivity, and MCCHL [ 28 ]. Old age is associated with a high frequency of presence of EBV and MCCHL [ 22 , 30 ]. Immunosenescence may be an explanatory factor for the presence of EBV in older patients [ 22 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Old age is associated with a high frequency of presence of EBV and MCCHL [ 22 , 30 ]. Immunosenescence may be an explanatory factor for the presence of EBV in older patients [ 22 , 30 ]. MCCHL has a close relationship with EBV infection [ 1 ], and older patients with EBV-positive HL have significantly poorer outcomes compared with those with EBV-negative HL [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Autopsy Case of an Elderly Patient with Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Presenting with a Plethora of Clinical Symptoms and Signs

et al. 2020

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Patient: Female, 88-year-old Final Diagnosis: Hodgkin lymphoma Symptoms: Fever • weight loss • dypnea Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Pathology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a potentially curable disease with favorable outcomes. However, elderly patients with HL usually have more adverse prognostic factors and hence a much worse prognosis than younger patients. Case Report: The patient was a woman in her 80s. She reported high fever, anorexia, and a weight loss of 8 kg within 5 months. She had been on treatment for diabetes mellitus and hypertension. She had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention and pacemaker implantation to treat acute coronary syndrome and sinus arrhythmia, respectively. Blood tests showed elevation of alkaline phosphatase, C-reactive protein, leukocyte count, CA 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen. Computed tomography did not show tumors in the liver, and cholangitis and sepsis were suspected. Aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, and total bilirubin gradually increased through the course of the patient’s hospital stay. Despite treatment, her condition deteriorated and she died 22 days after hospital admission. At autopsy, we found stage IV HL with lymph node swelling on both sides of the diaphragm, as well as diffusely disseminated nodules in the liver and spleen. Conclusions: Our patient had several poor prognostic factors including B symptoms, comorbidity, advanced stage, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and expression of programmed death-ligand 1 and interleukin-6, all of which were closely connected with her advanced age. Her age and comorbidities may have been the most adverse prognostic factors for her illness. An effective HL screening method for elderly individuals should be developed to ameliorate poor prognosis and adverse outcomes.

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“…Piris and colleagues 46 complete this issue of Pathology with an excellent review of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Classic HL represents 90-95% of all cases of Hodgkin lymphoma and includes four types: nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, lymphocyte-rich classic, and lymphocyte depleted.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lymphoma 2020: an update on recent advances in pathobiology and application to clinical practice

Medeiros

Spagnolo

2020

Pathology

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Hodgkin lymphoma: a review of pathological features and recent advances in pathogenesis

Cited by 79 publications

References 129 publications

A Case Report of a Female Patient With Hodgkin Lymphoma Localized in the Central Nervous System and With Concomitant Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

A Case Report of a Female Patient With Hodgkin Lymphoma Localized in the Central Nervous System and With Concomitant Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

An Autopsy Case of an Elderly Patient with Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Presenting with a Plethora of Clinical Symptoms and Signs

Lymphoma 2020: an update on recent advances in pathobiology and application to clinical practice

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