Hofstede's dimensions of culture in international marketing studies

Urban destination loyalty drivers and cross-national moderator effects: The case of Barcelona

“…Hofstede's model, based on comparisons and cultural distances between countries, has been criticised for its methodological development (Kirkman, Lowe, & Gibson, 2006), in the formulation of the fifth dimension (Fang, 2003), because the consumer's behaviour does not always correspond to the differences between countries expressed by Hofstede (Yuksel, Kilinc, & Yuksel, 2006), or because nation cannot be equated with culture (McSweeney, 2002;Myers & Tan, 2003), but it is the model that has been most used to identify the cultural differences between countries (Soares, Farhangmehr, & Shoham, 2007) and that has most influenced cross-cultural management (Steenkamp, 2001 On the basis of these data, and following previous research (Liu, Furrer, & Sudharshan, 2001), we have taken into account for the interpretation of the results those two of Hofstede's dimensions in which these two groups are furthest apart in absolute values: individualism and uncertainty avoidance (see table 1).…”

Understanding the Cultural Construction of School Mathematics

“…Hence, people's psychological processes "are likely to be configured in different ways across different socio-cultural groups" (Erez & Gati, 2004, p.568). Summarising the above, Triandis (2007, p.64) writes that culture comprises three main characteristics; it "emerges in adaptive interactions between humans and environments", it comprises shared elements and "is transmitted across time periods and generations" and, therefore, largely stable (Soares et al, 2007). In the following I consider several educationally-salient features of culture and show, in various ways, how they impact on students' opportunities to learn.…”

The Influence of National Culture on Marketing Strategies in Africa

“…Those with high power always provide the direction to follow (Brettel, Engelen, Heinemann and Vadhanasindhu, 2008). Soares, Farhangmehr and Shoham (2007) state that power distance is the dimension which impacts consumers's behavior and decision making process significantly. In many African cultures, the authority and decision making power is based on age and experience (Grzeda and Assogbavi, 1999).…”