HOG1 has an essential role in the stress response, virulence and pathogenicity of <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i>

Huang, Youming; Tao, Xiaohua; Xu, Danfeng; Yu, Yongjun; Teng, Yan; Xie, Wenqing; Fan, Yu

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.9907

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…C. gattii and C. neoformans are adapted to different ecological niches and exhibit differences in epidemiology, clinical features, and virulence mechanisms [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Ecology Epidemiology and Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s New in Cryptococcus gattii: From Bench to Bedside and Beyond

Beardsley

Dao

Keighley

et al. 2022

JoF

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Cryptococcus species are a major cause of life-threatening infections in immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. While most disease is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus gattii, a genotypically and phenotypically distinct species, is responsible for 11–33% of global cases of cryptococcosis. Despite best treatment, C. gattii infections are associated with early mortality rates of 10–25%. The World Health Organization’s recently released Fungal Priority Pathogen List classified C. gattii as a medium-priority pathogen due to the lack of effective therapies and robust clinical and epidemiological data. This narrative review summarizes the latest research on the taxonomy, epidemiology, pathogenesis, laboratory testing, and management of C. gattii infections.

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“…C. gattii and C. neoformans are adapted to different ecological niches and exhibit differences in epidemiology, clinical features, and virulence mechanisms [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Ecology Epidemiology and Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

What’s New in Cryptococcus gattii: From Bench to Bedside and Beyond

Beardsley

Dao

Keighley

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Osmoregulation in fungi is coordinated via the HOG pathway (Hohmann, Krantz, and Nordlander 2007). Although the latter has been well studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, its regulatory network and contribution to the virulence of fungal pathogens remains to be elucidated (Huang et al 2021;Yaakoub et al 2021). The HOG pathway is also known as the target of the fungicide fludioxonil, however, its mode of action is not completely understood (Bersching and Jacob 2021b;Brandhorst et al 2019) (Jacob et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An array of signal-specific MoYpd1 isoforms determines full virulence in the pathogenic fungusMagnaporthe oryzae

Bühring,

Brunner,

Heeb

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Magnaporthe oryzae is placed first on a list of the world's top ten plant pathogens with the highest scientific and economic importance. The pathogen is highly evolved to sense environmental changes quickly to invade different tissues of its host plant successfully. Here, we found alternative splicing (AS) as a previously unknown mechanism of how the pathogen may handle rapidly changing situations during in planta growth. The AS facilitates the production of multiple mRNAs and, consequently, protein isoforms with distinct biological functions from a single gene. The locus MGG_07173 occurs only once in the genome of M. oryzae and encodes the phosphotransfer protein MoYpd1p, which plays an important role in the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signaling pathway for osmoregulation. Originating from this locus, at least three MoYPD1 isoforms are produced in a signal-specific manner. The transcript levels of these MoYPD1-isoforms were individually affected by external stress, which is equally present in host plant tissues. Potassium salt (KCI) stress raised MoYPD1_T0 and MoYPD1_T2 abundance, whereas osmotic stress by sorbitol elevates MoYPD1_T1 levels. In line with this, signal-specific nuclear translocation of green fluorescent protein-fused MoYpd1p isoforms in response to stress was observed. The protein isoforms MoYpd1p_T0 and MoYpd1p_T2 were detected in the nucleus following KCl treatment, whereas MoYpd1p_T1 did likewise upon sorbitol stress. Mutant strains that produce only one of the MoYpd1p isoforms are less virulent, suggesting a combination thereof is required to invade the host successfully. Using in silico protein-protein interaction studies, we were able to assign different roles to respective isoforms in the HOG signaling pathway and predicted interactions with other signaling pathways. In summary, we demonstrate the signal-specific production of MoYpd1p isoforms that individually increase signal diversity and orchestrate virulence in the rice blast fungus M. oryzae.

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“…In yeasts and filamentous fungi, the HOG MAPK pathway is well conserved for regulating response to hyperosmotic stresses ( 43 , 44 ). Additionally, in several fungi, including Cryptococcus gattii ( 45 ), Magnaporthe oryzae ( 23 ), B. cinerea ( 46 ), and F. graminearum ( 47 ), the HOG pathway also regulates responses to oxidative stress. Moreover, the HOG pathway is associated with light signaling in fungi; in A. nidulans , the light signal perceived by phytochromes can be transmitted from the cytoplasm using the HOG MAP kinase pathway into the nuclei ( 26 ), while in Trichoderma guizhouense , HOG1 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of blue-light-responsive genes ( 48 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%