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AbstractAmong the existing non-conventional drilling operations, underbalanced drilling offers several benefits such as prevention of lost circulation and formation damage, increase of rate of penetration and reduction of differential sticking occurrence. In underbalanced drilling, the pressure of the drilling fluid is intentionally maintained below the formation pore pressure. Specific fluids are used in order to achieve underbalanced conditions : gas, mist, aerated mud or foam. Drilling with foam is very valuable due to its very low density coupled to its excellent cuttings carrying ability, but characterization of foam properties under drilling conditions is still incomplete and this could be an obstacle to the use of this technique by operators. This work is a part of a research program on drilling foams characterization conducted in collaboration between IFP and Totalfinaelf and focuses on the properties of aqueous foams when in contact with solids. The first part of the study deals with the incorporation of solids such as clays into the foaming liquid formulation; experimental measurements show that addition of swelling clay leads to very good stability properties without the necessity to add polymeric additive. Furthermore, clay addition provides good filtration properties with the formation of a filter cake, and this is important in case of accidental overbalanced condition during drilling operation. Lubricity properties of foam formulations were also characterized. The second part of this work is a characterization of the solid transport properties of aqueous foams. An experimental setup based on the weighting machine principle was elaborated. It allows the measurement of solids removal under various drilling conditions (circulating time and inclination angle, cuttings size and concentration). A new method for describing solids removal is proposed. Dimensionless numbers involving all the fluid parameters permit to describe transport properties and to bring out critical conditions. Extrapolating these numbers to the well could provide an evaluation of the critical parameters necessary to clean inclined and horizontal wells.