Hole-transporting materials for organic light-emitting diodes: an overview

Shahnawaz,; Swayamprabha, Sujith Sudheendran; Nagar, Mangey Ram; Yadav, Rohit Ashok Kumar; Gull, Sanna; Dubey, Deepak Kumar; Jou, Jwo‐Huei

doi:10.1039/c9tc01712g

Cited by 193 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Based on the emission properties of the PAzMCs and their HOMO energy levels, these new materials have the potential for use as active layers in deep‐blue or blue polymer light‐emitting diodes due to their electrochemical parameters matching well with a wide range of hole‐transporting material such as spiro‐based materials, implying a small hole‐injection barrier …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34,48 Based on the emission properties of the PAzMCs and their HOMO energy levels, these new materials have the potential for use as active layers in deep-blue or blue polymer light-emitting diodes due to their electrochemical parameters matching well with a wide range of hole-transporting material such as spiro-based materials, implying a small hole-injection barrier. 42,[60][61][62] measurements showed irreversible oxidation processes for both PAzMCs. HOMO and LUMO energy levels were similar for both PAzMCs, indicating that the silane fragments do not affect their electrochemical properties.…”

Section: Cyclic Voltammetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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New cardo silylated poly(azomethine)s containing 9,9′‐diphenylfluorene units as materials with Brønsted acid‐dependent fluorescence

Hauyon

Garrido‐Gatica

Sobarzo

et al. 2019

Polymer International

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Aromatic poly(azomethine)s have been studied due to their attractive properties such as high thermal stability, semiconducting behavior and the ability to coordinate species with their imine units (CN). In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of two novel silylated poly(azomethine)s containing cardo units are reported. These materials were highly soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform and m‐cresol and were thermally stable, and PAzMC1 exhibited a high glass transition temperature value (287 °C), while that for PAzMC2 was not observed. UV–visible spectrophotometry revealed absorption bands related to the aromatic backbone of both PAzMCs, 300–285 nm in tetrahydrofuran and 310–301 nm in dimethylsulfoxide, and bands attributed to the conjugated imine unit at around 350 nm. In order to investigate the phenomenon of the emission of fluorescence promoted by dopant agents with regard to potential optoelectronic applications, the materials were doped with H2SO4 and their optical and electrochemical properties investigated. Thus, the absorption band of the imine group was suppressed due to the nitrogen atoms being protonated. Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis developed in dilute solutions of polymers showed no emission from the undoped polymers, whereas the acid‐doped species emitted fluorescence in the UV and violet regions (322 nm). Cyclic voltammetry measurements were carried out and HOMO–LUMO energies were estimated. This study provides a starting point for the development of new poly(azomethine)s with doping‐dependent emission. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cyclic Voltammetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

New cardo silylated poly(azomethine)s containing 9,9′‐diphenylfluorene units as materials with Brønsted acid‐dependent fluorescence

Hauyon

Garrido‐Gatica

Sobarzo

et al. 2019

Polymer International

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“…Such fluorophores having enhanced emission in the aggregated or solid‐state are termed as luminogens or AIEgens. Technological demands have generated pronounced interest in the study and development of new luminogens and the scientific community has witnessed a phenomenal escalation in the exploration of efficient AIEgenic materials for various applications including the biomarkers, organic light‐emitting diodes (OLED), and sensors . Although several AIEgens have been constructed based on different structural motifs, the working mechanisms of the AIEgens are highly debatable and mandate extensive research …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationally Designed Furocarbazoles as Multifunctional Aggregation Induced Emissive Luminogens for the Sensing of Trinitrophenol (TNP) and Cell Imaging

et al. 2020

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Two structurally unique aggregation induced emission (AIE)‐active luminogens have been designed and synthesized based on the furocarbazole skeleton. Such small molecule AIEgens were designed based on forbidden planarity and engineering a twist into the scaffold to realize induction of emission in the aggregated states. The structures were fully characterized and their thermal stabilities, electronic properties, photophysical and electrochemical properties were systematically investigated. The unique twist in the molecules as evident from their X‐ray crystal structure along with the short intermolecular interactions enhances the structural rigidification and restricts detrimental π–π stacking interactions, restricting the internal rotations (RIR) accompanied by a curb of the ICT process, resulting in enhanced emission in the aggregated state. This intriguing luminescent property enabled one of the luminogens to selectively detect trinitrophenol (TNP) over other nitroaromatics in both aqueous and organic media at nanomolar concentrations. Moreover, the good photostabilities and biocompatibilities empowered both luminogens to function as fluorescent bioprobes for cancer cell imaging.

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“…In addition, each layer requires materials with suitable highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels. The development of auxiliary OLED materials (e.g., materials for the HTL, ETL, HBL, and EBL) has been the subject of previous reviews and is not discussed in this chapter [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetradentate Platinum(II) Emitters: Design Strategies, Photophysics, and OLED Applications

Li¹,

Lam²,

Yan³

et al. 2020

Liquid Crystals and Display Technology

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This chapter provides an overview of tetradentate platinum(II) emitters as a promising class of metal-organic phosphorescent dopants for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Tetradentate platinum(II) emitters showing blue, green, and red light emissions, which are essential for full color displays as well as white light emission, are reviewed and discussed in the context of molecular design and photophysical and electroluminescent properties. Emphasis is placed on the molecular structures, the nature of emissive excited states [including ligand-centered (LC), intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT), metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT), and excimeric and oligomeric metal-metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MMLCT)], the intermolecular interactions impacting photophysical attributes (e.g., emission energies, quantum yields, and decay times), and OLED device performances.

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Hole-transporting materials for organic light-emitting diodes: an overview

Abstract: Hole transporting layer plays a crucial role to realize high efficiency and long lifespan by balancing the charge carrier into the desired recombination zone.

Cited by 193 publications

References 123 publications

New cardo silylated poly(azomethine)s containing 9,9′‐diphenylfluorene units as materials with Brønsted acid‐dependent fluorescence

New cardo silylated poly(azomethine)s containing 9,9′‐diphenylfluorene units as materials with Brønsted acid‐dependent fluorescence

Rationally Designed Furocarbazoles as Multifunctional Aggregation Induced Emissive Luminogens for the Sensing of Trinitrophenol (TNP) and Cell Imaging

Tetradentate Platinum(II) Emitters: Design Strategies, Photophysics, and OLED Applications

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