Hole-Transporting Materials for Printable Perovskite Solar Cells

Vivo, Paola; Salunke, Jagadish K.; Priimägi, Arri

doi:10.3390/ma10091087

Cited by 108 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…A typical perovskite solar cell arrangement has the following structure (from bottom to top): [23,24], where light is incident from the substrate side (the squared brackets embrace the dimensions of the layers). The layout of this structure is presented in Figure 1a.…”

Section: Design Parametrization and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrow Absorption in ITO-Free Perovskite Solar Cells for Sensing Applications Analyzed through Electromagnetic Simulation

2019

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This work reports on a computational analysis of how a modified perovskite cell can work as a refractometric sensor by generating surface plasmon resonances at its front surface. Metal-dielectric interfaces are necessary to excite plasmonic resonances. However, if the transparent conductor (ITO) is replaced by a uniform metal layer, the optical absorption at the active layer decreases significantly. This absorption enhances again when the front metallic surface is nanostructured, adding a periodic extruded array of high aspect-ratio dielectric pyramids. This relief excites surface plasmon resonances through a grating coupling mechanism with the metal surface. Our design allows a selective absorption in the active layer of the cell with a spectral response narrower than 1 nm. The photo-current generated by the cells becomes the signal of the sensor. The device employs an opto-electronic interrogation method, instead of the well-known spectral acquisition scheme. The sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) parameters applicable to refractometric sensors were adapted to this new situation. The design has been customized to sense variations in the index of refraction of air between 1.0 and 1.1. The FOM reaches a maximum value of 1005 RIU − 1 , which is competitive when considering some other advantages, as the easiness of the acquisition signal procedure and the total cost of the sensing system. All the geometrical and material parameters included in our design were selected considering the applicable fabrication constrains.

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Section: Design Parametrization and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrow Absorption in ITO-Free Perovskite Solar Cells for Sensing Applications Analyzed through Electromagnetic Simulation

2019

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“…It plays a vital role in the PSC structures and extracts positive charges (holes) from the perovskite and transports them to top electrode. It prevents the direct contact of Perovskite and top electrode [47]. The most widely used hole-transporting material is Spiro-OMeTAD.…”

Section: Graphene Application In Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A PSC includes a perovskite (ABX 3 )-structured compound as the lightharvesting active layer, most commonly organic-inorganic lead halide-based [4,48]. Perovskite has a cubic crystal ( Figure 5) structure with three-dimensional (3D) framework and shares BX 6 octahedron with the A ion placed at the octahedral interstices [4,5,47,48]. The perovskite has unique ambipolar properties of generating and transporting both photo-generated holes and electrons.…”

Section: Graphene Application In Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphene/Metal Oxide Nanocomposite Usage as Photoanode in Dye-Sensitized and Perovskite Solar Cells

Mahmood¹,

Aslam²,

Akhtar³

2020

Assorted Dimensional Reconfigurable Materials

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Global energy shortage will be one of the most critical challenges in the next 50 years. Currently, over 80% of energy consumed is produced from fossil fuels, which is directly linked to global warming and environmental pollution issues. Environment-friendly renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance for the existence of human civilization. A leading source of renewable energy is the solar energy, which is inexhaustible and abundantly available. Solar cells that convert solar energy directly into electricity are drawing considerable attention as a potential turnkey solution to address these challenges. Several approaches have been made in this respect, including the development of better materials and the designs of new solar cell configuration and architecture. Among the innovative materials with potential application in emerging 3G solar cells, graphene and its derivatives such as GO, rGO and G/nanocomposite have been widely explored as transparent conducting electrodes, electron donor or acceptor materials and counter electrodes (CE). In this chapter, the use of graphene nanocomposites has been explored as an electrode material in DSSCs and PSCs. Recently, graphene/metal oxide nanocomposites have been widely used in DSSCs and PSCs and played a significant role in increasing charge transport, reducing charge recombination and thus enhancing the performance of solar cell.

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“…Materials of HTL can be divided into inorganic, organic, and hybrid materials, while organic materials can be further subdivided into small molecule and polymer [111]. Following on from the experience of solid state dye-sensitized solar cells, of the organic materials currently used to make the best devices, spiro-OMeTAD has long been the benchmark HTM against which other materials have been compared.…”

Section: Replacement Of Costly Organic Hole-transporting Materials Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Impediment to Highly Efficient, Stable and Low-Cost Perovskite Solar Cells

Zhang

et al. 2018

Metals

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Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have made immense progress in recent years, owing to outstanding optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials, such as high extinction coefficient, carrier mobility, and low exciton binding energy. Since the first appearance in 2009, the efficiency of PSCs has reached 23.3%. This has made them the most promising rival to silicon-based solar cells. However, there are still several issues to resolve to promote PSCs’ outdoor applications. In this review, three crucial aspects of PSCs, including high efficiency, environmental stability, and low-cost of PSCs, are described in detail. Recent in-depth studies on different aspects are also discussed for better understanding of these issues and possible solutions.

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Hole-Transporting Materials for Printable Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 108 publications

References 156 publications

Narrow Absorption in ITO-Free Perovskite Solar Cells for Sensing Applications Analyzed through Electromagnetic Simulation

Narrow Absorption in ITO-Free Perovskite Solar Cells for Sensing Applications Analyzed through Electromagnetic Simulation

Graphene/Metal Oxide Nanocomposite Usage as Photoanode in Dye-Sensitized and Perovskite Solar Cells

Major Impediment to Highly Efficient, Stable and Low-Cost Perovskite Solar Cells

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