Holistic processing underlies gender judgments of faces

Zhao, Mintao; Hayward, William G.

doi:10.3758/app.72.3.591

Cited by 49 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This result is in line with the idea that when the whole face is available, gender discrimination requires holistic processing (Brown & Perrett, 1993;Zhao & Hayward, 2010) which is most efficient around the face center of gravity situated close to the nose (e.g., Bindemann, Scheepers, & Burton, 2009;de Heering et al, 2008). Note that this does not undermine the idea that some face parts might convey face gender better than others when presented in isolation, as recently reported (Best, Minshew & Strauss, 2010).…”

Section: Fixation Location and Facial Emotion Influenced Gender Discrsupporting

confidence: 88%

Fixation to features and neural processing of facial expressions in a gender discrimination task

Neath

Itier

2015

Brain and Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Early face encoding, as reflected by the N170 ERP component, is sensitive to fixation to the eyes. Whether this sensitivity varies with facial expressions of emotion and can also be seen on other ERP components such as P1 and EPN, was investigated. Using eye-tracking to manipulate fixation on facial features, we found the N170 to be the only eye-sensitive component and this was true for fearful, happy and neutral faces. A different effect of fixation to features was seen for the earlier P1 that likely reflected general sensitivity to face position. An early effect of emotion (~120 ms) for happy faces was seen at occipital sites and was sustained until ~350 ms post-stimulus. For fearful faces, an early effect was seen around 80 ms followed by a later effect appearing at ~150 ms until ~300 ms at lateral posterior sites. Results suggests that in this emotion-irrelevant gender discrimination task, processing of fearful and happy expressions occurred early and largely independently of the eye-sensitivity indexed by the N170. Processing of the two emotions involved different underlying brain networks active at different times.

show abstract

Section: Fixation Location and Facial Emotion Influenced Gender Discrsupporting

confidence: 88%

Fixation to features and neural processing of facial expressions in a gender discrimination task

Neath

Itier

2015

Brain and Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, it seems that by reducing the number of invariant face cues varied, sex of the face became more salientfurther indication that the various cues seem to interactively affect face recognition. Female participants were significantly better at recognizing female faces than male faces, suggesting that sex cues were processed in other-race faces, as well as own-race faces (see also Zhao & Hayward, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Face age and sex modulate the other-race effect in face recognition

Wallis

Lipp

Vanman

2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Faces convey a variety of socially relevant cues that have been shown to affect recognition, such as age, sex, and race, but few studies have examined the interactive effect of these cues. White participants of two distinct age groups were presented with faces that differed in race, age, and sex in a face recognition paradigm. Replicating the other-race effect, young participants recognized young own-race faces better than young other-race faces. However, recognition performance did not differ across old faces of different races (Experiments 1, 2A). In addition, participants showed an other-age effect, recognizing White young faces better than White old faces. Sex affected recognition performance only when age was not varied (Experiment 2B). Overall, older participants showed a similar recognition pattern (Experiment 3) as young participants, displaying an other-race effect for young, but not old, faces. However, they recognized young and old White faces on a similar level. These findings indicate that face cues interact to affect recognition performance such that age and sex information reliably modulate the effect of race cues. These results extend accounts of face recognition that explain recognition biases (such as the other-race effect) as a function of dichotomous ingroup/outgroup categorization, in that outgroup characteristics are not simply additive but interactively determine recognition performance.

show abstract

“…None of the studies demonstrated whether the gender judgement task employed involved holistic processing. This is especially important, given that facial gender recognition, like identity recognition, shows evidence of configural and holistic processing (Baudouin & Humphreys, 2006;Zhao & Hayward, 2010).…”

Section: Facial Gender Perception In Prosopagnosiamentioning

confidence: 98%

Normal facial age and gender perception in developmental prosopagnosia

Chatterjee

Nakayama

2012

Cognitive Neuropsychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Developmental prosopagnosia is characterized by a severe deficit in face-identity recognition. Most developmental prosopagnosics do not report deficits of facial age or gender perception. We developed tasks for evaluating facial age and gender processing and used them in the largest group of developmental prosopagnosics (N = 18) tested on facial age and gender perception. Care was taken to ensure that the tests were sufficiently sensitive to subtle deficits and required holistic processing as assessed by strong inversion effects in control subjects. Despite severe facial identity deficits, developmental prosopagnosics largely performed these discriminations comparably to controls. The common descriptor "faceblind" implied by the term prosopagnosia is inaccurate as certain kinds of nonidentity facial information, which we call physiognomic features, are processed well by both prosopagnosics and age-matched controls alike. Normal facial age and gender perception in developmental prosopagnosics is consistent with parallel processing models in the cognitive architecture of face processing.

show abstract

Holistic processing underlies gender judgments of faces

Cited by 49 publications

References 22 publications

Fixation to features and neural processing of facial expressions in a gender discrimination task

Fixation to features and neural processing of facial expressions in a gender discrimination task

Face age and sex modulate the other-race effect in face recognition

Normal facial age and gender perception in developmental prosopagnosia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About