Hollow polycarbonate waveguides with inner Cu coatings for delivery of terahertz radiation

Harrington, James A.; George, R.; Pedersen, Pal; Mueller, Eric R.

doi:10.1364/opex.12.005263

Cited by 200 publications

(109 citation statements)

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“…In fact, hollow dielectric [10] and metallic [11][12][13][14] waveguides (wgs) have proven to be a very efficient way of guiding THz light with extremely low attenuations and low dispersion. Furthermore, the possibility of employing flexible waveguides [15], offers new possibilities for their implementation into many applications, such as in imaging and spectrosopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow metallic waveguides integrated with terahertz quantum cascade lasers

Degl’Innocenti¹,

Shah²,

Jessop³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We present the realization of a compact, monolithically integrated arrangement of terahertz quantum cascade lasers with hollow metallic cylindrical waveguides. By directly mounting a copper pipe to the end facet of a double metal waveguide, it was possible to significantly improve the far field emission from such a sub-wavelength plasmonic mode, while preserving the characteristic performance of the laser. Careful alignment of the quantum cascade laser and the hollow waveguide is required in order to prevent the excitation of higher order/mixed modes as predicted with a high degree of accuracy by a theoretical model. Finally, this approach proved to be a superior method of beam shaping when compared to other in situ arrangements, such as a silicon hyper-hemispherical lens glued to the facet, which are presented. Ritchie, "Guiding a terahertz quantum cascade laser into a flexible silver-coated waveguide," J. Appl. Phys. 110(6), 063112 (2011). 16. S. Barbieri, J Alton, H. E. Beere, J. Fowler, E. H. Linfield, and D. A. Ritchie, "2.9 THz quantum cascade lasers operating up to 70 K in continuous wave," Appl.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow metallic waveguides integrated with terahertz quantum cascade lasers

Degl’Innocenti¹,

Shah²,

Jessop³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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“…Attenuation performances of 1.5 m −1 (or about 0.0065 dB/mm) between 1 and 2 THz have also been obtained [4] with ferroelectric. Concerning THz dielectric waveguides, attenuation close to 0.004 dB/mm was found [5] in the same frequency range. The lowest losses (0.00001 dB/mm) have been obtained with a highly birefringent polymer (Topas cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) with refractive index 1.53) for terahertz fiber [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Comparison and Optimization of Dispersion, and Losses of Planar Waveguides on Benzocyclobutene (Bcb) at THZ Frequencies: Coplanar Waveguide (Cpw), Microstrip, Stripline and Slotline

Cao¹,

Grimault-Jacquin

Aniel³

2013

PIER B

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Abstract-This paper proposes an investigation in the terahertz (THz) frequency range of the dispersion and an individual quantitative treatment of the losses of the most classical microwave waveguides (coplanar, slotline, microstrip and stripline) numerically led in three dimensions (3D). An original strategy has been used to quantify radiation losses associated with leaky modes. A very low THz permittivity polymer (benzocyclobutene (BCB)) was used as a very convenient substrate to be easily grafted as a THz environment of integrated passive or/and active devices. Direct comparisons of the losses and the dispersion have been performed following two criteria: a constant characteristic impedance Z c fixed at 100 Ω and a constant effective width W eff fixed at 30 µm. The best waveguides are microstrip (α T = 2.52 dB/mm for Z c = 100 Ω and for W/H = 35/50 µm (with W the strip width and H the substrate height) and α T = 2.29 dB/mm for W eff = 30 µm at 1 THz with H = 30 µm) and stripline (with quasi-null radiation losses and the best quality factor Q T = 63 for Z c = 100 Ω). The large dispersion and radiation losses of the slotline (SL) can be reduced with a thick BCB encapsulation to enhance the THz signal. The coplanar waveguide (CPW) remains in a medium position. Besides the parasitic mode (SL) and low Q T problems due to mainly ohmic losses, its major advantage is its planar geometry allowing to an easy circuit integration with THz sources, amplifiers and detectors based on semiconductor. Consequently, these THz studies on BCB microwave standard waveguides open to various perspectives to carry out a broad panel of integrated THz circuits.

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“…Several waveguide structures incorporating metallic layers have been reported, such as low-loss and flexible hollow polycarbonate waveguide with copper and dielectric inner coatings, deposited by using a liquid chemistry approach [9]. A metal-coated hollow glass waveguide (HGW) [10] with an inner silver/polystyrene-coating, as shown in Fig.5, is considered for the better understanding of the various loss mechanisms and subsequently design optimization of a lowloss THz waveguide.…”

Section: λ Dmentioning

confidence: 99%