Holocene climate change and landscape development from a low-Arctic tundra lake in the western Hudson Bay region of Manitoba, Canada

Camill, Philip; Umbanhowar, Charles E.; Geiss, C. E.; Hobbs, William O.; Edlund, Mark B.; Shinneman, Avery Cook; Dorale, Jeffrey A.; Lynch, Jason

doi:10.1007/s10933-012-9619-0

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The higher organic content was generally attributed to productivity increases that correspond with higher temperatures. Periods of higher-than-present productivity were reported from Igaliku Lake in southern Greenland (Massa et al 2012), lakes SS16 and SS49 in western Greenland , Unit Lake in the western Hudson Bay region (Camill et al 2012), Quartz Lake in interior Alaska (Wooller et al 2012b), and Lone Spruce Pond in southwestern Alaska (Kaufman et al 2012). At the latter two lakes in Alaska, the interpretation of higher temperatures is supported by midge assemblages that also indicate higher summer temperatures during intervals of higher productivity.…”

Section: Early-to Middle-holocene Recordsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Introduction to the JoPL special issue, “Holocene paleoenvironmental records from Arctic lake sediment”

Kaufman

2012

J Paleolimnol

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The 18 papers in this Special Issue of the Journal of Paleolimnology report new records of Holocene environmental and climate change from Arctic lake sediment. At least 15 distinct physical, chemical, and biological properties were analyzed at lakes located across the North American Arctic and subarctic, and northwestern Europe. The studies are notable for their multi-proxy approach (eight present data for at least five different proxies), and for the high quality of their geochronological control. Three of the studies analyzed sediment from more than one lake to test the influence of contrasting physiographic settings on the response of proxies to the same climate forcing. The sedimentary sequences analyzed in seven studies extend beyond 11.5 cal ka, providing evidence for pronounced climate shifts that took place during the late-glacial period. Two-thirds extend beyond 8 cal ka; many of these records were interpreted in terms of the shift in temperature and moisture that occurred during the transition from the warm early to middle Holocene to the cooler late Holocene. These records contribute to the growing network of sites that is needed to reconstruct the spatial pattern of this pronounced paleoclimate transition, and to address how ocean-atmospheric circulation changed with the mean state of climate.

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Section: Early-to Middle-holocene Recordsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Introduction to the JoPL special issue, “Holocene paleoenvironmental records from Arctic lake sediment”

Kaufman

2012

J Paleolimnol

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“…It is important to consider C accumulation at both the core/site and landscape scales when evaluating the impacts of possible climatic influences on C storage. Within cores and sites, carbon accumulation rates did not appear to be sensitive to Holocene‐scale climatic changes in this region (Figure d) [ Camill et al , ], although mean accumulation at core tops was substantial (Figure d). This is likely due to the incomplete decomposition near the surface (as evidenced by higher C:N ratios, Figure f), but it is also possible that elevated C accumulation rates could be an enhanced productivity response in a warming postindustrial world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insensitivity to Holocene regional climatic changes at the core/site scale could be caused by greater moisture limitations in these lowland systems compared to larger peatland landscapes, as well as the prevalence of Sphagnum ‐dominated bogs over much of the Holocene (see Table S1). However, at the landscape scale, total C storage increases as a result of greater peat initiation concurrent with the apparent shift to wetter conditions during the HTM‐NGC transition (Figures and ) [ Camill et al , ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although mechanisms of charcoal production and transport are not well understood in peatlands, most of the charcoal in these peat cores appear to be produced from in situ forest and peat combustion due to the large size of particles and the distinct charred layers that are often found in the stratigraphy. When quantified in terms of areal concentration (mm 2 cm −3 ), charcoal peaks observed in peatlands are often one or more orders of magnitude larger than those observed in lake sediments [ Camill et al , , ], indicating that the combustion of local biomass, and not areal or alluvial transport, is likely the predominant source. Moreover, if there were significant transport of charcoal from uplands, the charcoal profiles in the peat cores would be smeared rather than well‐defined peaks [ Camill et al , ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The initiation and development of small peat‐forming ecosystems adjacent to lakes in the north central Canadian low arctic during the Holocene

Camill

Umbanhowar

Geiss

et al. 2017

J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci.

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Small peat‐forming ecosystems in arctic landscapes may play a significant role in the regional biogeochemistry of high‐latitude systems, yet they are understudied compared to arctic uplands and other major peat‐forming regions of the North. We present a new data set of 25 radiocarbon‐dated permafrost peat cores sampled around eight low arctic lake sites in northern Manitoba (Canada) to examine the timing of peat initiation and controls on peat accumulation throughout the Holocene. We used macrofossils and charcoal to characterize changes in the plant community and fire, and we explored potential impacts of these local factors, as well as regional climatic change, on rates of C accumulation and C stocks. Peat initiation was variable across and within sites, suggesting the influence of local topography, but 56% of the cores initiated after 3000 B.P. Most cores initiated and remained as drier bog hummock communities, with few vegetation transitions in this landscape. C accumulation was relatively slow and did not appear to be correlated with Holocene‐scale climatic variability, but C stocks in this landscape were substantial (mean = 45.4 kg C m−2), potentially accounting for 13.2 Pg C in the Taiga Shield ecozone. To the extent that small peat‐forming systems are underrepresented in peatland mapping, soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks may be underestimated in arctic regions. Mean fire severity appeared to be negatively correlated with C accumulation rates. Initiation and accumulation of soil C may respond to both regional and local factors, and substantial lowland soil C stocks have the potential for biogeochemical impacts on adjacent aquatic ecosystems.

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“…As the urgent need for broadly based programmes of research has increasingly been recognized, studies have started to focus on the Arctic region (e.g. Wassmann et al 2011;Camill et al 2012;Convey et al 2012;Coulson et al 2014;Roberts et al 2015). Nevertheless, relatively limited information is available on the ecology of many Arctic aquatic habitats, especially those located in the High Arctic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diatom communities in the High Arctic aquatic habitats of northern Spitsbergen (Svalbard)

et al. 2016

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As High Arctic environments are particularly sensitive to global and regional climate changes, a growing number of studies have focused on that region. It has been shown that living and fossil diatoms can be successfully used to track environmental changes in polar habitats. Nevertheless, the diatom flora of many Arctic areas remains unknown. The present study set out to examine the diatom flora in the rarely visited and near-pristine zone of northern Spitsbergen. Examination by light and scanning electron microscopy of 25 sediment samples, collected in fjords, tidal plains and lakes, indicated significant differences between the diatom assemblages identified in lakes located within different fjord watersheds. Altogether, 96 diatom taxa (46 genera) were found. The most abundant species (Achnanthidium minutissimum, Staurosirella pinnata and Nitzschia alpina) occurred in at least eight of the 11 investigated lakes. Assemblages from the Woodfjorden region were characterized by the presence of Cavinula pseudoscutiformis and Encyonema reichardtii, along with Navicula spp., which coincided with relatively low conductivity (34-58.7 lS cm -1 ) and near-neutral pH (7.2-7.5). Diatom assemblages found in the Wijdefjorden area were typically characterized by Denticula kuetzingii and Nitzschia inconspicua, with these lakes generally having higher water conductivity ([184 lS cm -1 ) and pH (7.5-8.1) conditions. Conductivity, biogenic silica concentration and water temperature were indicated as significant predictors of diatom community species composition and structure. No diatom frustules were found in fjord and tidal plain sediments. The effects of selected environmental factors on diatom assemblage formation are discussed.

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Holocene climate change and landscape development from a low-Arctic tundra lake in the western Hudson Bay region of Manitoba, Canada

Abstract: The low-Arctic region of western Hudson

Cited by 25 publications

References 53 publications

Introduction to the JoPL special issue, “Holocene paleoenvironmental records from Arctic lake sediment”

Introduction to the JoPL special issue, “Holocene paleoenvironmental records from Arctic lake sediment”

The initiation and development of small peat‐forming ecosystems adjacent to lakes in the north central Canadian low arctic during the Holocene

Diatom communities in the High Arctic aquatic habitats of northern Spitsbergen (Svalbard)

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