Holocene Fault Reactivation in the Eastern Cascades, Washington

Carlson, Benjamin; Schermer, Elizabeth R.; Amos, Colin B.; Stephenson, William J.; Sherrod, Brian L.; Mahan, Shannon A.

doi:10.1785/0120170228

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The basic geomorphological principle of "differential erosion" [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] says something different than the paragraph above. This principle was a milestone in the conception of drainage pattern development, especially in mountainous areas of the Earth, e.g., in the Outer Carpathian Mts (OC)-the headwater of the largest river in our study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rivers Try Harder. Reversed “Differential Erosion” as Geological Control of Flood in the Large Fluvial Systems in Poland

Bihałowicz

Wierzbicki

2021

Water

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We study cross-sections on the Detailed Geological Map of Poland (SMGP) to find a geologic and geomorphic pattern under river valleys in Poland. The pattern was found in 20 reaches of the largest Polish rivers (Odra, Warta, Vistula, Narew, and Bug) located in the European Lowland, in the landscape of old (Pleistocene, Saalian) glacial high plains extending between the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) moraines on the North and the Upland on the South. The Upland was slightly folded and up-faulted during Alpine orogeny together with the thrust of Carpathian nappes and the uplift of Tatra Mts. and Sudetes. The found pattern is an alluvial river with broad Holocene floodplain and the channel developed atop the protrusion of bedrock (Jurassic, Cretaceous limestones, marlstones, sandstones) or non-alluvial, cohesive, overconsolidated sediments resistant to erosion (glacial tills, lacustrine or “ice-dammed lake” clays) of Cenozoic (Paleogene, Neogene, Quaternary—Elsterian). We regard the sub-alluvial protrusion as the limit of river incision and scour. It cannot be determined why the river flows atop these protrusions, in opposition to “differential erosion”, a geomorphology principle. We assume it is evidence of geological flood control. We propose an environmental and geomorphological framework for the hydrotechnical design of instream river training.

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