Holocene glacial history and landforms of Iceland

Benediktsson, Ívar Örn; Brynjólfsson, Skafti; Ásbjörnsdóttir, Lovísa; Farnsworth, Wesley R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99712-6.00012-x

European Glacial Landscapes 2024

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-99712-6.00012-x

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Holocene glacial history and landforms of Iceland

Ívar Örn Benediktsson,

Skafti Brynjólfsson,

Lovísa Ásbjörnsdóttir

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

References 199 publications

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Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating of seven paraglacial rock-slope failures in the Bolungarvík-Suðureyri area (Westfjords, Iceland)

Portier,

Mercier,

Decaulne

et al. 2024

Geomorphology

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Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating of seven paraglacial rock-slope failures in the Bolungarvík-Suðureyri area (Westfjords, Iceland)

Portier,

Mercier,

Decaulne

et al. 2024

Geomorphology

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Radiological and elemental composition of cryoconite and glacier mice from Vatnajökull, Iceland

Smith,

Clason,

Millward

et al. 2024

Science of The Total Environment

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Volcanically induced glacier collapses in southern Jan Mayen (Sør‐Jan), Norway

Larsen,

Lyså,

Hiksdal

et al. 2024

Boreas

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Jan Mayen is a small volcanic island situated in the Norwegian–Greenland Sea. The entire island was covered by a contiguous ice cap during the Last Glacial Maximum. The deglaciation of the ice cap was interrupted by a glacier advance in the southern part of the island in the Early Holocene. Today, there are no glaciers in this area, and until now it has been unknown whether any glaciers survived there into the Middle–Late Holocene. We show here that glaciers existed at several sites in the mountain areas of southern Jan Mayen. The investigations were triggered by the discovery of a relict glacier completely covered by tephra and impacted by a lava flow. Samples of ice from the glacier have 18O values that are isotopically indistinguishable from modern precipitation values and fall along the local meteoric water line trend. The lava flow in the glacier catchment and sculpted forms along the base of dry meltwater channels in bedrock show that glacier melting was abrupt and marked by sudden meltwater outbursts (jökulhlaups). Three more sites in southern Jan Mayen have meltwater channels with sculpted beds, gorges and/or sediments associated with lava flows and can be attributed to jökulhlaups caused by rapidly melting glaciers. Radiocarbon dates associated with glacial outwash sediments, cosmogenic dates of meltwater channel incisions, and cosmogenic and K‐Ar dates of lava flows associated with former periods of rapid glacier melting show that the four glaciers collapsed at different times in the Holocene. None of the glaciers reformed after their collapses despite subsequent cooling event(s). Likely, the glaciers were on the brink of existence before their sudden demise.

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Holocene glacial history and landforms of Iceland

Cited by 3 publications

References 199 publications

Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating of seven paraglacial rock-slope failures in the Bolungarvík-Suðureyri area (Westfjords, Iceland)

Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating of seven paraglacial rock-slope failures in the Bolungarvík-Suðureyri area (Westfjords, Iceland)

Radiological and elemental composition of cryoconite and glacier mice from Vatnajökull, Iceland

Volcanically induced glacier collapses in southern Jan Mayen (Sør‐Jan), Norway

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