Holocene Paleoearthquakes and Early–Late Pleistocene Slip Rate on the Sulmona Fault (Central Apeninnes, Italy)

Galli, Paolo; Giaccio, Biagio; Peronace, Edoardo; Messina, Paolo

doi:10.1785/0120140029

Cited by 50 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…Thus, return times for M w 7.0 earthquakes on the CF are irregularly spaced, ranging from~1.4 kyr (between 1783 and the Roman event) to~4.4 kyr, with an average value in the Holocene of~3.2 kyr. This is a long recurrence time for southern Apennine faults, where large surface rupturing earthquakes are usually spaced a few centuries apart (0.3-1.6 kyr) [Galli and Peronace, 2014], or less than a couple of millennia apart [Galli et al, 2008[Galli et al, , 2011, except for those on central Apennine dormant faults (~2.4 kyr) [Galli et al, 2015]. Nevertheless, this return time is consistent with the low slip rate of the fault (0.6 mm/yr) in the past 28 kyr.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for M_w 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Galli

Peronace

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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The Calabrian Arc is the epicentral region of one third of the strongest earthquakes of Italy (Mw ≥ 7.0). These are confined within a narrow peninsula which is the emerging portion of a slab‐related accretionary wedge, and all occurred in the past four centuries. Therefore, here more than anywhere in Italy, historical seismicity alone is not sufficient for seismic hazard assessment. We carried out geological and paleoseismological studies in southern Calabria that allowed characterizing the seismogenic behavior of the Cittanova fault which was responsible for one of the most catastrophic earthquakes to ever occur in Europe, the Mw 7.0 5 February 1783 event. We have found out conclusive evidence for four Holocene earthquakes prior to 1783, with a recurrence time longer (~3.2 kyr) than the other Apennine faults (0.3–2.4 kyr). We have also estimated a robust slip rate for the late Upper Pleistocene (0.6 mm/yr) and an extension rate (0.4 mm/yr) that could reflect the residual back‐arc opening of the Tyrrhenian Basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for M_w 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Galli

Peronace

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…No large-magnitude historical seismic events can be strictly related to these structures which, however, show evidence of late Pleistocene-Holocene activity (Barchi et al, 2000;Galadini and Galli, 2000;Papanikolaou et al, 2005, and references therein). Only recently has the 2nd century AD earthquake that occurred in central Italy been associated with the Sulmona fault system through archaeoseismological and paleoseismological evidence (Ceccaroni et al, 2009;Galli et al, 2015). This lack of data could be due to long recurrence intervals (1400-2600 years; Galadini and Galli, 2000) and/or to the incompleteness of the available historical seismic catalogues (e.g., Stucchi et al, 2004), suggesting high seismic hazard levels and raising critical questions about the identification of the seismogenic structures and the true seismic potential of these areas.…”

Section: Geological and Structural Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most hazardous adjacent seismogenic structures are the Sulmona normal fault (or Mt. Morrone fault) capable of producing M = 6.6-6.7 earthquakes (e.g., Vittori et al, 1995;Galadini and Galli, 2000;Gori et al, 2011Gori et al, , 2014Galli et al, 2015), the RotellaAremogna normal fault system and the Palena-western Porrara normal fault system (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Geological and Structural Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Late Quaternary evidence of faulting have been described for the latter fault system (Pizzi et al, 2010), while paleoseismological studies allowed for four faulting events to be recognized in the past ∼ 9 kyr along the Sulmona Fault (Galli et al, 2015). Paleoearthquakes have also been identified along different segments of the Rotella-Aremogna normal fault system (Frezzotti and Giraudi, 1989;Calderoni et al, 1990;Brunamonte et al, 1991;D'Addezio et al, 2001;Tesson et al, 2016;Fig.…”

Section: Geological and Structural Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the extensional domain to the west of the Maiella Massif, paleoseismological trenches excavated along the northwestern portion of the Sulmona active normal fault allowed for four paleoearthquakes to be recognized (Galli et al, 2015). One of them is corroborated in two trenches by the presence of a faulted colluvium.…”

Section: Correlation With Independent Geological Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defining a mid-Holocene earthquake through speleoseismological and independent data: implications for the outer Central Apennines (Italy) seismotectonic framework

Domenica

Pizzi

2017

Solid Earth

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Abstract. A speleoseismological study has been conducted in the Cavallone Cave, located in the easternmost carbonate sector of the Central Apennines (Maiella Massif), in a seismically active region interposed between the post-orogenic extensional domain, to the west, and the contractional one, to the east. The occurrence of active "silent normal faults", to the west, close to blind thrusts, to the east, raises critical questions about the seismic hazard for this transitional zone. Large collapses of cave ceilings, fractures, broken speleothems with new re-growing stalagmites on their top, preferential orientation of fallen stalagmites and the absence of thin and long concretions have been observed in many portions of the karst conduit. This may indicate that the cave suffered sudden deformation events likely linked to the occurrence of past strong earthquakes. Radiocarbon dating and, above all, the robust correspondence with other coeval on-fault and off-fault geological data collected in surrounding areas outside the cave, provide important constraints for the individuation of a mid-Holocene paleoearthquake around 4.6-4.8 kyr BP. On the basis of the available paleoseismological data, possible seismogenic sources can be identified with the Sulmona normal fault and other active normal fault segments along its southern prosecution, which recorded synchronous strong paleoevents. Although the correlation between speleotectonic observations and quantitative modeling is disputed, studies on possible effects of earthquake on karstic landforms and features, when corroborated by independent data collected outside caves, can provide a useful contribution in discovering past earthquakes.

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Seismic slip history of the Pizzalto fault (central Apennines, Italy) using in situ‐produced³⁶Cl cosmic ray exposure dating and rare earth element concentrations

et al. 2016

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Morphological and geological observations reveal that most Apenninic faults are highly segmented and that the majority of the fault segments are less than 10 km long. Although these faults have undergone numerous paleoseismological investigations, quantitative data remain crucially lacking for a large number of fault segments. Because such data are essential to understanding how these faults have ruptured and interacted in the past and how they might behave in the future, we investigated the Holocene seismic history of the Pizzalto normal fault, a 13 km long fault segment belonging to the Pizzalto‐Rotella‐Aremogna fault system in the Apennines. We collected 44 samples from the Pizzalto fault plane exhumed during the Holocene and analyzed the 36Cl and rare earth element (REE) contents. Together, the 36Cl and REE concentrations show that at least six events have exhumed 4.4 m of the fault scarp between 3 and 1 ka, with slip per event values ranging from 0.3 to 1.2 m. No major events have been detected over the last 1 kyr. The Rotella‐Aremogna‐Pizzalto fault system has a clustered earthquake behavior with a mean recurrence time of 1.2 kyr and a low to moderate probability (ranging from 4% to 26%) of earthquake occurrence over the next 50 years.

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Holocene Paleoearthquakes and Early–Late Pleistocene Slip Rate on the Sulmona Fault (Central Apeninnes, Italy)

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for M_w 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for M_w 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Defining a mid-Holocene earthquake through speleoseismological and independent data: implications for the outer Central Apennines (Italy) seismotectonic framework

Seismic slip history of the Pizzalto fault (central Apennines, Italy) using in situ‐produced³⁶Cl cosmic ray exposure dating and rare earth element concentrations

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Holocene Paleoearthquakes and Early–Late Pleistocene Slip Rate on the Sulmona Fault (Central Apeninnes, Italy)

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for Mw 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for Mw 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Defining a mid-Holocene earthquake through speleoseismological and independent data: implications for the outer Central Apennines (Italy) seismotectonic framework

Seismic slip history of the Pizzalto fault (central Apennines, Italy) using in situ‐produced36Cl cosmic ray exposure dating and rare earth element concentrations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for M_w 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Low slip rates and multimillennial return times for M_w 7 earthquake faults in southern Calabria (Italy)

Seismic slip history of the Pizzalto fault (central Apennines, Italy) using in situ‐produced³⁶Cl cosmic ray exposure dating and rare earth element concentrations