Holocene paleoseismology of the Norcia fault system (Central Italy)

Galli, Paolo; Galderisi, A.; Ilardo, I.; Piscitelli, S.; Scionti, Veronica; Bellanova, Jessica; Calzoni, F.

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2018.08.008

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Figure a shows the history of the stress axes at the hypocenter of the Norcia 2016 event at different epochs in the long period (events in 1599, 1703, and 2016) and, in Figure b, in the short period, that is, the Amatrice (24 August), Visso (26 October), and Norcia (30 October) events of 2016. Noteworthy is the 1703 event credited with a magnitude 6.9 (Galli et al, ) and slightly offset to the SW relative to the 2016 Norcia event. Again the choice of a scaling time τ = 2,000 years ensures that the principal axes of the total stress are within 30° from the corresponding direction of the T axis of the moment tensor (thick axes) of the 30 October 2016 Norcia event at all the considered epochs, both in the short and long period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Galli et al () provide an exhaustive reconstruction of the major events occurred in 1599, 1703, 1730, and 2016 in the area of Norcia. Animation S3 in the supporting information links together the various events from the point of view of stress exchange starting with the event in 1599.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Benedetti et al (2013), in the past 30 kyr large (Mw up to 7) earthquakes took place in this area on faults, which are absent from the DISS 3.2.0. Galli et al (2018) provide an exhaustive reconstruction of the major events occurred in 1599, 1703, 1730, and 2016 in the area of Norcia. Animation S3 in the supporting information links together the various events from the point of view of stress exchange starting with the event in 1599.…”

Section: 1029/2019jb017800mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Time‐Dependent Model of Elastic Stress in the Central Apennines, Italy

Zurutuza

Bertocco

2019

JGR Solid Earth

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Seismicity in the Central Apennines is characterized by normal faulting with dip NE‐SW near 45°. If the stress at the hypocenter of the 2016 Norcia (Mw = 6.5) and 2009 L'Aquila (Mw = 6.3 on the Paganica fault) earthquakes originated only from stress transfer from previous historical events, the orientation of the principal stress axes would have been inconsistent with the observed tensional regime. The additional contribution of a regional stress is thus required, but Global Navigation Satellite System geodesy provides only stress rates. We empirically estimate a time multiplier for the regional stress rate, computed with a dense Global Navigation Satellite System network, such that the principal stress axes resulting from the sum of the stress transferred by previous events and the regional stress rate multiplied by the empirical temporal scale are consistent with normal faulting, both at the L'Aquila and Norcia hypocenters. Based on a Catalogue of 36 events of magnitude larger than 5.6, we estimate the total Coulomb stress at depths and along planes parallel to those of L'Aquila and Norcia. We provide evidence of an asymmetry of the Coulomb stress leading to a stress concentration near the hypocenter of the two events just prior of the 2009 and 2016 earthquakes. This stress anomaly disappeared after the two events. Similar stress patterns are observed for earlier events, which took place in 1461 at L'Aquila, 1703 on the Montereale plain, and in 1703 at Norcia/Valnerina. The 1997 sequence of Colfiorito exhibits a similar, anisotropic Coulomb stress pattern. Other areas with a similar stress anisotropy could be seismic gaps.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1029/2019jb017800mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Time‐Dependent Model of Elastic Stress in the Central Apennines, Italy

Zurutuza

Bertocco

2019

JGR Solid Earth

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“…Vettore fault (~1 mm/year in the last 30 kyr; Di Donato et al, 2018;Galli et al, 2019). The slip rate evaluations belonging to the same splay of the system are within the same order of magnitude and are comparable to those of other active fault systems in the central Apennines, which are generally around 0.3-0.4 mm/year in the Holocene (e.g., Cinti et al, 2018;Galli et al, 2018;Michetti et al, 1996;Moro et al, 2016;Pantosti et al, 1996;Salvi et al, 2003). In order to obtain a value representative for the activity of the VBFS, these estimates should be considered within a reference frame reconciling both the coseismic slip and the long-term deformation.…”

Section: 1029/2019jb017757mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Of course, the more robust is the age constraint of the paleo-events, and the more reliable is the comparison. As an 10.1029/2019JB017757 Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth example, a paleo-event just before 3800-3600 BP (1650-1850 BCE) has been associated with the Norcia fault running parallel to and just to the west of the VBFS (Galli et al, 2018). The timing of this event overlaps with that of E3 (1920-1500 BCE) along the VBFS.…”

Section: Paleoseismological Data Versus Historical Accountsmentioning

confidence: 99%

22‐kyr‐Long Record of Surface Faulting Along the Source of the 30 October 2016 Earthquake (Central Apennines, Italy), From Integrated Paleoseismic Data Sets

et al. 2019

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We integrate paleoseismic data sets along the Mt. Vettore‐Mt. Bove normal fault system rupturing at the surface in the 30 October 2016 Norcia earthquake. Through the analysis of new trenches from this work and a review of the preexisting data, we correlate events among trench sites along antithetic and synthetic fault splays. We recognize seven M 6.5, 2016 Norcia‐type (or larger) surface‐faulting events in the last ~22 kyr, including 2016. Before 2016, one event occurred in the past two millennia (260–575 CE) and possibly corresponds to the event damaging Rome in 443 or 484/508 CE. Three previous events occurred between 10590 and 415 BCE, whereas the two oldest ones date between 19820 and 16540 BCE. The average recurrence time is 3,360–3,640 years for the last ~22 kyr and 1,220–1,970 years for the last ~4 kyr. We infer a minimum dip‐slip rate of 0.26–0.38 mm/year on the master fault in the central portion of the Mt. Vettore–Mt. Bove normal fault system and a dip‐slip rate of at least 0.10 mm/year on the southernmost portion. We infer a Middle–Late Pleistocene inception of the long‐term scarp of the investigated splays. The along‐strike variation of slip rates well reproduces the trend of the 2016 surface slip; thus, the time window exposed in the trenches is representative for the present fault activity. Based on trenching data, different earthquake rupture scenarios should be also considered for local hazard assessment.

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