Holocene temperature history of northwest Greenland – With new ice cap constraints and chironomid assemblages from Deltasø

Axford, Yarrow; Lasher, G. E.; Kelly, M. A.; Osterberg, E. C.; Landis, Joshua D.; Schellinger, G. C.; Pfeiffer, Adrian N.; Thompson, Elisabeth Morgan; Francis, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.05.011

Cited by 32 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…5; Lecavalier et al, 2017). A marked decrease in July air temperatures is also inferred by chironomid assemblages recovered in sediments from a nearby lake (Axford et al, 2019). Although sea-ice cover may have been present in Kane Basin during this time, we refrain from affirming that the ice arches existed in Nares Strait between 7.5 and 5.5 cal.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 77%

Local and regional controls on Holocene sea ice dynamics and oceanography in Nares Strait, Northwest Greenland

et al. 2020

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Nares Strait is one of three channels that connect the Arctic Ocean to Baffin Bay. Unique sea-ice conditions in the strait lead to the formation of landfast ice arches at its northern and southern ends. These ice arches regulate Arctic sea-ice and freshwater export through the strait and promote the opening of the North Water polynya. The present study addresses the paucity of pre-satellite records of environmental conditions in the Nares Strait area, and aims at reconstructing Holocene sea-ice conditions and ocean circulation in the strait. The investigation is based on a marine sediment core strategically retrieved from under the current ice arch in Kane Basin to the south of Nares Strait, and provides a continuous record spanning the past ca 9 kyrs. We use benthic foraminiferal assemblages and sea-ice biomarkers to infer changes in Holocene ocean circulation and sea-ice conditions in Kane Basin. The establishment of the modern ocean circulation in Kane Basin is related to ice sheet retreat and postglacial rebound, while changes in sea-ice cover concur with major shifts in the Arctic Oscillation (AO). Our results suggest that sea-ice cover in Kane Basin was highly variable between ca 9.0 and 8.3 cal. ka BP, before increasing, probably in link with the 8.2 cold event and the opening of Nares Strait. A short period of minimum sea-ice cover and maximum Atlantic bottom water influence occurred between ca 8.1 and 7.5 cal. ka BP, when Kane Basin was deeper than for the remaining of the Holocene. As atmospheric temperatures dropped, sea-ice cover intensified in Kane Basin between ca 7.5 and 5.5 cal. ka BP, but strong winds under prevailing positive-like AO conditions likely prevented the formation of ice arches in Nares Strait. During this time, our micropaleontological data show that Atlantic water was progressively excluded from Kane Basin by the postglacial isostatic rebound. Increasingly cooler atmospheric temperatures and a shift towards more negative phases of the AO may have promoted the establishment of ice arches in Nares Strait between ca 5.5 and 3.0 cal. ka BP. Instabilities in the Kane Basin ice arch ca 3.0 cal. ka BP coincide with a shift towards prevailing positive phases of the AO, while a brief recovery of the ice arch occurred during more negative-like AO conditions between ca 1.2 and 0.2 cal. ka BP.

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Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 77%

Local and regional controls on Holocene sea ice dynamics and oceanography in Nares Strait, Northwest Greenland

et al. 2020

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“…The absence of those important cold‐tolerant taxa in modern European datasets was found to be the primary factor that differentiated interpretations using models developed from Canadian versus European data sources (Lotter et al., 1999), and argued for the utility of Canadian calibration sites despite their geographic distance and somewhat different assemblages. Likewise, in our spatially and climatically broad dataset, modern lakes in the Canadian Archipelago provide the only good analogues to late Holocene species assemblages documented in the cold mid to high Arctic regions of Greenland, where no local training sets are yet available (Axford et al., 2013, 2019) and central/south‐west Greenland sites are too warm to host analogous assemblages. The training sets available from relatively warm central/south‐west Greenland may provide good analogues for mid to high Arctic Greenland during past periods of warmer‐than‐present climate there (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctic chironomids of the northwest North Atlantic reflect environmental and biogeographic gradients

Medeiros

Milošević

Francis

et al. 2020

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim: While we understand broad climate drivers of insect distributions throughout the Arctic, less is known about the role of spatial processes in determining these relationships. As such, there is a need to understand how spatial controls may influence our interpretations of chironomid environment relationships. Here, we evaluated whether the distribution of chironomids followed spatial gradients, or were primarily controlled by environmental factors.

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“…These sediment archives span a period of time in the middle Holocene when oceanographic conditions in Nares Strait were different (Jennings et al, 2011), regional surface air temperatures were higher (Axford et al, 2019;Buizert et al, 2018;Lasher et al, 2017;Lecavalier et al, 2017;McFarlin et al, 2018), seasonal sea-ice cover in the Lincoln Sea was reduced (England et al, 2008;Funder et al, 2011), and the northwest sector of the GIS was likely smaller Lecavalier et al, 2017;Reusche et al, 2018) relative to late Holocene/preindustrial times. Model comparisons suggest the middle Holocene may be a suitable analog for future warming in the High Arctic despite differences in the underlying forcing (i.e., insolation versus greenhouse gasses, respectively) (Yoshimori and Suzuki, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene break-up and reestablishment of the Petermann Ice Tongue, Northwest Greenland

Reilly

Stoner

Mix

et al. 2019

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Holocene temperature history of northwest Greenland – With new ice cap constraints and chironomid assemblages from Deltasø

Cited by 32 publications

References 76 publications

Local and regional controls on Holocene sea ice dynamics and oceanography in Nares Strait, Northwest Greenland

Local and regional controls on Holocene sea ice dynamics and oceanography in Nares Strait, Northwest Greenland

Arctic chironomids of the northwest North Atlantic reflect environmental and biogeographic gradients

Holocene break-up and reestablishment of the Petermann Ice Tongue, Northwest Greenland

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