Holocene temperature, humidity and seasonality in northern New Zealand linked to Southern Hemisphere summer insolation

Bos, Valerie van den; Rees, Andrew; Newnham, Rewi M.; Vandergoes, Marcus J.; Wilmshurst, Janet M.; Augustinus, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.10.008

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Brundin, ), and Eggermont and Heiri () show that globally different chironomid subfamilies have varying thermal optima. As chironomid–environment calibration data sets, as well as fossil data sets across a range of timescales, exist and are being developed, for example, Australia (Rees, Cwynar, & Cranston, ), New Zealand (Van den Bos et al, ) or South America (Matthews‐Bird, Brooks, Holden, Montoya, & Gosling, ), there is potential to apply our approach of comparing modern and fossil trends in diversity to regions of the Southern Hemisphere as well as to the tropical regions presently under‐represented in respect to fossil chironomid data sets. This will further improve our understanding of global drivers of chironomid diversity and will help to better predict future changes under projected global warming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature change as a driver of spatial patterns and long‐term trends in chironomid (Insecta: Diptera) diversity

Engels

Medeiros

Axford

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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Anthropogenic activities have led to a global decline in biodiversity, and monitoring studies indicate that both insect communities and wetland ecosystems are particularly affected. However, there is a need for long‐term data (over centennial or millennial timescales) to better understand natural community dynamics and the processes that govern the observed trends. Chironomids (Insecta: Diptera: Chironomidae) are often the most abundant insects in lake ecosystems, sensitive to environmental change, and, because their larval exoskeleton head capsules preserve well in lake sediments, they provide a unique record of insect community dynamics through time. Here, we provide the results of a metadata analysis of chironomid diversity across a range of spatial and temporal scales. First, we analyse spatial trends in chironomid diversity using Northern Hemispheric data sets overall consisting of 837 lakes. Our results indicate that in most of our data sets, summer temperature (Tjul) is strongly associated with spatial trends in modern‐day chironomid diversity. We observe a strong increase in chironomid alpha diversity with increasing Tjul in regions with present‐day Tjul between 2.5 and 14°C. In some areas with Tjul > 14°C, chironomid diversity stabilizes or declines. Second, we demonstrate that the direction and amplitude of change in alpha diversity in a compilation of subfossil chironomid records spanning the last glacial–interglacial transition (~15,000–11,000 years ago) are similar to those observed in our modern data. A compilation of Holocene records shows that during phases when the amplitude of temperature change was small, site‐specific factors had a greater influence on the chironomid fauna obscuring the chironomid diversity–temperature relationship. Our results imply expected overall chironomid diversity increases in colder regions such as the Arctic under sustained global warming, but with complex and not necessarily predictable responses for individual sites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature change as a driver of spatial patterns and long‐term trends in chironomid (Insecta: Diptera) diversity

Engels

Medeiros

Axford

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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“…The increase in the upper elevational limits of moa is consistent with concurrent dynamics in climatic conditions and upward shifts in habitats during the Holocene Epoch. We can only speculate that the most recent shifts in elevational limits of these species (beginning around 4,700 BP) may have been a response to a shift toward hotter and drier summers that occurred in New Zealand around this time with concurrent shifts in vegetative cover (van den Bos et al 2018), this perhaps later amplified by anthropogenic factors (the introduction of Polynesian rats [Rattus exulans] and dogs [Canis familiaris], and establishment and subsequent expansion of ecologically significant populations of Māori who hunted moa and substantially modified native habitats with fire; Perry et al 2014b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic and ecological segregation in an extinct guild of flightless birds: New Zealand’s moa

Lomolino¹,

Tomlinson²,

Wood³

et al. 2021

Frontiers of Biogeography

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The nine currently recognized species of moa (Order -Dinornithiformes; Bonaparte 1853) suffered extinction soon after New Zealand was settled by humans. They were the result of an evolutionary radiation that produced a unique guild of birds -giant, and totally wingless species that evolved in the absence of non-volant mammals. Recent advances in dating and paleoclimatology, and compilations of data on distributions of the nine species of moa, along with information on the geographic, topographic, climatic and edaphic characteristics of sites from which moa remains have been recovered, enabled us to test whether their evolutionary radiation truly was 'adaptive', producing ecologically distinct species. Randomization, resampling analyses of moa distributions across North and South Islands revealed highly significant geographic and ecological segregation, with different species tending to occupy different islands, regions within islands, or elevations within regions. Quadratic Discriminant Highlights• In the absence of non-volant mammals, moa became evolutionary marvels -losing their power of flight and undergoing gigantism to comprise a guild converging to fill the vacant, large herbivore niche in New Zealand.• Evolutionary divergence of moa produced a lineage that collectively exploited a broad range of habitats across New Zealand, with different species segregating their niches along a combination of geographic and ecological (environmental) dimensions.• Moa exhibited a marked surge in elevational limits within the past four or five millennia -this possibly associated with concurrent shifts in climate and vegetation zones, and possibly later amplified by anthropogenic factors (the introduction of Polynesian rats [Rattus exulans] and establishment and subsequent expansion of ecologically significant populations of Māori).

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“…In this context, New Zealand is in a unique position as it is located in the mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere from which maar lake sediment sequences have been demonstrated to be of outstanding quality, long and complete (e.g. Sandiford et al, 2003;Molloy et al, 2009;Augustinus et al, 2011;Augustinus, 2012;Stephens et al, 2012;van den Bos et al, 2018). However, robust chronologies are necessary for reliable palaeoclimate inferences to be developed from these sequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Itrax μ‐XRF core scanning for rapid tephrostratigraphic analysis: a case study from the Auckland Volcanic Field maar lakes

Peti

Gadd

Hopkins

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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Itrax micro X‐ray fluorescence (μ‐XRF) core scanning is a non‐destructive, rapid approach to measuring elemental concentrations and their variability in sediment cores. As such, it records elemental signatures of tephra layers, which serve as correlation tie points and chronological markers for these sedimentary archives of past climatic changes. The traditional tephra identification approach using electron microprobe‐based geochemical fingerprinting of glass shards is a slow and invasive process, whilst μ‐XRF scanning of rhyolite tephra in sediment cores from Auckland (New Zealand) could provide a faster, non‐invasive approach to aid the recognition of tephra layers. This study highlights the potential and pitfalls in this novel approach: changes in most scanning parameters, and the use of two different Itrax core scanners, still led to similar chemical characterizations of the tephra layers. Changes in other scanning parameters have a biasing influence on the chemical characterization of the tephra, which would lead to misidentification of unknown layers. We demonstrate that μ‐XRF core scanning provides a faster and non‐invasive approach to correlation of sediment sequences using chemically distinct, visually pure tephra layers if a strict scanning protocol is followed. Nevertheless, an extensive database of μ‐XRF‐scanned rhyolite tephra is required for recognition of unknown tephra units using this approach.

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Holocene temperature, humidity and seasonality in northern New Zealand linked to Southern Hemisphere summer insolation

Cited by 22 publications

References 67 publications

Temperature change as a driver of spatial patterns and long‐term trends in chironomid (Insecta: Diptera) diversity

Temperature change as a driver of spatial patterns and long‐term trends in chironomid (Insecta: Diptera) diversity

Geographic and ecological segregation in an extinct guild of flightless birds: New Zealand’s moa

Itrax μ‐XRF core scanning for rapid tephrostratigraphic analysis: a case study from the Auckland Volcanic Field maar lakes

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