Holocene temperatures and isotopes of precipitation in Northwest Greenland recorded in lacustrine organic materials

Lasher, G. E.; Axford, Yarrow; McFarlin, Jamie; Kelly, M. A.; Osterberg, E. C.; Berkelhammer, Max

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.06.016

Cited by 72 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The radiocarbon ages of moss samples demonstrate that the QIC was smaller than its present day extent a period of time until between 3.3 ± 0.1 and 0.9 ± 0.1k cal a BP (Fig. ), with a complete re‐advance of the entire ice cap after 0.9 ± 0.1k cal a BP, which correlates well with atmospheric temperature records from the area, pointing towards the coldest period during the Holocene to be after 1.2 ka (Lasher et al , ). Clear fresh looking trimlines and eroded surfaces in the landscape in front of QIC, both on the northern and southern side (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Additionally, short term early Holocene cooling events around 9.3 ka and 8.2 ka has been observed further south around Disko Bay (Young et al , ) and on Baffin Island (Young et al , ; Axford et al , ). From subfossil plants incorporated into debris bands at the ice margin in Nunatarssuaq, Farnsworth et al () found that the GrIS extent in northwest Greenland was smaller than present at 4.7k cal a BP showing a response to the mid‐Holocene warming and late Holocene cooling (Lecavalier et al , ; Lasher et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland

Søndergaard

Larsen

Olsen

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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In this study, we present new information on the glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland. We use geomorphological mapping, 10Be exposure dating of boulders, analysis of lake cores, and 14C dating of reworked marine molluscs and subfossil plants to constrain the glacial history. Our 14C ages of reworked marine molluscs reveal that the ice extent in the area was at or behind its present‐day position from 42.2 ± 0.4 to 30.6 ± 0.3k cal a BP after which the GrIS expanded to its maximum position during the Last Glacial Maximum. We find evidence of early ice retreat in the deep fjord (Inglefield Bredning) at 11.9 ± 0.6 ka whereas the Taserssuit Valley was deglaciated ~4 ka later at 7.8 ± 0.1k cal a BP. A proglacial lake record suggests that the local ice cap survived the Holocene Thermal Maximum but moss kill‐dates reveal that it was smaller than present for a period of time before 3.3 ± 0.1k until 0.9 ± 0.1k cal a BP, following which the ice in the area expanded towards its Little Ice Age extent. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland

Søndergaard

Larsen

Olsen

et al. 2019

J Quaternary Science

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“…ka BP (Lasher et al . ). Instead, we speculate that the survival of GICs in North Greenland was related to increased precipitation during the HTM compared to now.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Local ice caps in Finderup Land, North Greenland, survived the Holocene Thermal Maximum

Larsen

Levy

Strunk

et al. 2019

Boreas

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Local glaciers and ice caps (GICs) comprise only ~5.4% of the total ice volume, but account for ~14–20% of the current ice loss in Greenland. The glacial history of GICs is not well constrained, however, and little is known about how they reacted to Holocene climate changes. Specifically, in North Greenland, there is limited knowledge about past GIC fluctuations and whether they survived the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM, ~8 to 5 ka). In this study, we use proglacial lake records to constrain the ice‐marginal fluctuations of three local ice caps in North Greenland including Flade Isblink, the largest ice cap in Greenland. Additionally, we have radiocarbon dated reworked marine molluscs in Little Ice Age (LIA) moraines adjacent to the Flade Isblink, which reveal when the ice cap was smaller than present. We found that outlet glaciers from Flade Isblink retreated inland of their present extent from ~9.4 to 0.2 cal. ka BP. The proglacial lake records, however, demonstrate that the lakes continued to receive glacial meltwater throughout the entire Holocene. This implies that GICs in Finderup Land survived the HTM. Our results are consistent with other observations from North Greenland but differ from locations in southern Greenland where all records show that the local ice caps at low and intermediate elevations disappeared completely during the HTM. We explain the north–south gradient in glacier response as a result of sensitivity to increased temperature and precipitation. While the increased temperatures during the HTM led to a complete melting of GICs in southern Greenland, GICs remained in North Greenland probably because the melting was counterbalanced by increased precipitation due to a reduction in Arctic sea‐ice extent and/or increased poleward moisture transport.

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“…(b) Three proxy records for temperature. Mean temperature anomaly at 30°–90°N (purple) with 1σ uncertainty band (light purple) from Marcott et al (), temperature anomaly (green) at Secret Lake, N. Greenland (Lasher et al, ), and high Arctic mean temperature anomaly (black; Kaufman et al, ). (c) NGRIP δ 18 O (orange; Rasmussen et al, ) and Agassiz temperature (gray; Lecavalier et al, ).…”

Section: Early To Late Holocene Gis Morainesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early to Late Holocene Surface Exposure Ages From Two Marine‐Terminating Outlet Glaciers in Northwest Greenland

Reusche

Marcott

Ceperley

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Terrestrial chronologies from southern Greenland provide a detailed deglacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). The northern GIS margin history, however, is less established. Here we present surface exposure ages from moraines associated with two large outlet glaciers, Petermann and Humboldt, in the northwestern sector of the GIS. These moraine chronologies indicate a Little Ice Age advance of the ice sheet margin before ~0.3 ka and a possible equivalent advance of similar magnitude prior to ~2.8 ka. An early Holocene moraine at Humboldt Glacier was abandoned by 8.3 ± 1.7 ka and is contemporaneous with other moraines deposited along the entire western GIS margin. This widespread ice margin stability between ~9 and 8 ka indicates that while this margin was influenced by warming atmospheric temperatures during the early Holocene, the warming was likely overprinted with the effect of the abrupt climate cooling at 9.3 and 8.2 ka.

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Holocene temperatures and isotopes of precipitation in Northwest Greenland recorded in lacustrine organic materials

Cited by 72 publications

References 52 publications

Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland

Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland

Local ice caps in Finderup Land, North Greenland, survived the Holocene Thermal Maximum

Early to Late Holocene Surface Exposure Ages From Two Marine‐Terminating Outlet Glaciers in Northwest Greenland

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