Holographically controlled random numbers from entangled twisted photons

A review of liquid crystal spatial light modulators: devices and applications

“…This was quickly followed by seminal work on Bell inequality violations using digital holograms 241 , uncertainty principle tests 242 and the realization of ultrahigh entangled state characterization using just a few measurements 243,244 . LC-SLMs have likewise proven essential in tailoring the entanglement spectrum either at the creation step 245−247 or the detection step 248,249 . This realization and control of multidimensional quantum states have led to both new physics and advanced quantum applications, with LC-SLMs proving crucial in quantum random number generation 250 , quantum key distribution 251,252 , quantum communication 253,254 , quantum secret sharing 255 and for quantum entanglement swapping 256 and teleportation 257 , reaching states of up to 100 × 100 dimensions 258 .…”

Robust propagation of a steady optical beam through turbulence with extended depth of focus based on spatial light modulator

“…Spatial light modulators (SLMs), which originated in the 1970s, are indispensable dynamic flat-panel optical devices employed to dynamically manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization state of beams. After several decades of device innovation, heavy investment in advanced phase calibration technologies [40,41], as well as extensive material research and development, SLMs have come to the fore as a fundamentally important tool in the field of modern optics [42,43]. In particular, SLM technology has been regarded as a versatile tool for generating arbitrary optical fields and tailoring all degrees of freedom beyond just the phase and amplitude.…”