Home and away: biogeographical comparison of species diversity in Thymus vulgaris communities

Nielsen, J.; Grøndahl, Eva; Callaway, Ragan M.; Dickinson, Katharine J. M.; Ehlers, Bodil K.

doi:10.1007/s10530-017-1461-x

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…One potential shortcoming of our work relates to the larger spatial scale in China compared with Brazil. In general, controlling the spatial scale is indeed very difficult in studies conducted in the field, like ours (see also Nielsen et al, ; Taylor et al, ). However, we consider three reasons why we understand that such limitation is not so crucial to test our hypotheses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Considering such comparison, it is possible to denote the impact intensity. The application of this approach to terrestrial plant communities has indicated that invasive species may lead to reduced diversity in the introduced range in relation to native ranges (Hejda, ; Kaur et al, ; Ledger et al, ; Nielsen et al, ; Shah et al, ). In our study, the use of data from the native range of E. crassipes as a control enabled to demonstrate that these potential impacts are related to the invasion process and are not recorded in the native area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we consider three reasons why we understand that such limitation is not so crucial to test our hypotheses. Firstly, the spatial scale of our control (non‐dominated sites) and the dominated sites in each country were the same and we based our conclusions on comparisons between countries taking into account the relative (not absolute) differences between the dominated and non‐dominated sites (see also Hejda, ; Nielsen et al, ). Secondly, a greater spatial extent in the introduced range enables us to ensure that the possible E. crassipes negative effects are conspicuous and not related to small scale, site‐specific conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, it is important to emphasize that our conclusions are not based on raw differences between China and Brazil, but on the differences in plot cumulative richness and beta diversity between dominated and non‐dominated plots within each country (see Hejda, ; Nielsen et al, ). Considering the variability of habitats mainly in China, to detect a distinctive pattern between the dominated and non‐dominated plots across these habitats would be even more supportive to our hypothesis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach helps testing the frequently accepted (but poorly tested) hypothesis that introduced species promote greater impacts in the introduced range rather than the native one. There are indeed studies showing a more negative impact of invasive terrestrial plants on different aspects of diversity and assemblage composition in their introduced range rather than in their native one (Chen et al, ; Hejda, ; Ledger et al, ; Nielsen, Grøndahl, Callaway, Dickinson, & Ehlers, ; Taylor, Maxwell, Pauchard, Nuñez, & Rew, ). However, to the best of our knowledge, studies on highly invasive aquatic plants are yet to compare communities in native and introduced ranges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Negative correlations between native macrophyte diversity and water hyacinth abundance are stronger in its introduced than in its native range

Lolis

Alves

Fan

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim:We tested the hypothesis that the diversity and abundance of aquatic macrophytes are negatively related with Eichhornia crassipes abundance in its introduced range, but not in its native range.Location: Upper Paraná River Floodplain, Brazil and Southeast China. Methods:We sampled aquatic macrophytes patches in Brazil (native range) andChina (introduced range) along a biomass gradient of E. crassipes. For each patch, we obtained values of species richness and aquatic macrophytes percentage cover, as response variables in regression models. We also used species accumulation curves to quantify the total plot diversity in dominated and non-dominated plots for both countries. Finally, we compared the influence of E. crassipes dominance on community composition and beta diversity with Permanova and Permdisp, respectively. Results:The regression analyses revealed a negative correlation between macrophyte richness and cover and E. crassipes biomass only in the introduced range. The cumulative number of species decreased at a higher extent in plots dominated by E. crassipes in China, compared with Brazil. Also, species composition changed and beta diversity decreased in the dominated plots in China, but not in Brazil. Main Conclusions:The reduction of all diversity attributes related to E. crassipes probably results from its engineer species role, which decreases littoral region habitat heterogeneity and affects rare species in the introduced range. Differences between countries may be associated with impacts of water hyacinth on native macrophytes as this plant grows very fast and is highly competitive. Although less probable, biotic resistance at the establishment phase of water hyacinth in sites with higher number of native species is also a possibility. Regardless of the main mechanism explaining our patterns, it is suggested that invasion by water hyacinth is a cause for concern for its higher impacts in the introduced ranges than the native ranges. | 243LOLIS et aL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Negative correlations between native macrophyte diversity and water hyacinth abundance are stronger in its introduced than in its native range

Lolis

Alves

Fan

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Plant invasions in New Zealand: global lessons in prevention, eradication and control

Hulme

2020

Biol Invasions

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The number of non-native plant species established outside of cultivation in the New Zealand archipelago is higher than for any other islands worldwide. Faced with this scale of plant invasions, there has been considerable investment in the scientific and operational aspects of prevention, eradication and control. As a result, New Zealand is ideally placed to illustrate the many challenges that plant invasions present worldwide as well as the possible solutions. New Zealand has been at the forefront of biosecurity policy developments to tackle plant invasions being one of the first countries to: (a) implement national legislation to address the management of non-native plants; (b) establish a national permitted list (white-list) for plant imports; and (c) introduce bans on the sale, distribution, or propagation of non-native plant species. However, these preventative measure are only effective where there are also adequate border inspection regimes, compliance monitoring of the horticulture industry, and surveillance of internet trade. While New Zealand has successfully eradicated several non-native plant species from its territory, the small number of successes reflects the short-term, local and often uncoordinated efforts to manage non-native plants rather than national programmes backed by legislation and financed over several decades. New Zealand supports a world-leading biological control programme, but this has led to sustained, large-scale control for only a handful of species. In natural areas, most management attempts using mechanical or herbicide treatments have failed to achieve control and there has been a progressive reduction in the area, and frequency of these programmes over time. This is illustrative of the challenges facing those responsible for managing non-native plants in any region of the world. A general insight is that a shift in mindset is required that overcomes significant cognitive biases that include succumbing to the pressure to always intervene, underestimating the non-linear trajectories of invasions, failing to articulate the values at stake, and underestimating the time programmes require to succeed. Important lessons of global relevance include the need for managers to: (a) recognise when and where sleeper weeds are likely to become a national issue, especially as a result of climate change; (b) quantify impacts on those values that stakeholders most cherish rather than those that are easy to measure; (c) provide accurate estimates of the potential future extent of the invasion in the absence of management; and (d) identify clear indicators of successful progress over the course of a long-term management programme.

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Soil biota and chemical interactions promote co‐existence in co‐evolved grassland communities

et al. 2019

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1. Plant populations can exhibit local adaptation to their abiotic environment, such as climate and soil properties, as well as biotic components such as the chemical signatures of dominant plant species and mutualistic and pathogenic microbial populations. While patterns of local adaptation in individual species are widely recorded, the importance of microevolutionary processes for plant community assembly and function is poorly understood.2. Here, we examined how a history of long-term co-existence, and thus potential for local co-adaptation, influenced the process of plant community assembly.Soil inocula and seeds of eight plant species were collected from three calcareous grasslands with a long history of grazing within a single geographical region.Mesocosm communities were established using local genotypes from a single site or an artificial mixture of genotypes from two different sites. To investigate the role of root exudates and local ('home') and non-local ('away') soil biota as mediators of plant species co-existence, the population origin treatment was combined with the addition of activated carbon, which is known to adsorb exudates from soil, and sterilization of soil inocula. Individual-, species-and mesocosm-level responses were measured over the course of three growing seasons.3. We found that root exudates promoted seedling survival, species co-existence and productivity in assemblages of genotypes originating from the same community but had a weak impact in mixed, novel communities. Soil biota promoted the growth of subordinate forbs and restrained the growth of dominant graminoids, particularly in communities composed of local genotypes. The effects of population origin were significant in the first 2 years of the experiment but were not detectable in the third year when interbreeding and new seedling establishment took place. Plant genotypes coupled with 'home' microbial inoculum experienced a stronger reduction in growth compared with genotypes exposed to 'away' inoculum, indicating that plants experienced home-field disadvantage in interactions with soil biota. Synthesis.Our study demonstrates that the mechanisms of initial grassland community assembly depend on community history, with below-ground chemical 2612 | Journal of Ecology SEMCHENKO Et al.

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Home and away: biogeographical comparison of species diversity in Thymus vulgaris communities

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Negative correlations between native macrophyte diversity and water hyacinth abundance are stronger in its introduced than in its native range

Negative correlations between native macrophyte diversity and water hyacinth abundance are stronger in its introduced than in its native range

Plant invasions in New Zealand: global lessons in prevention, eradication and control

Soil biota and chemical interactions promote co‐existence in co‐evolved grassland communities

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