Home nocturnal infrared video to record non‐rapid eye movement sleep parasomnias

Abstract

Summary To assess the feasibility, the acceptability and the usefulness of home nocturnal infrared video in recording the frequency and the complexity of non‐rapid eye movement sleep parasomnias in adults, and in monitoring the treatment response. Twenty adult patients (10 males, median age 27.5 years) with a diagnosis of non‐rapid eye movement parasomnia were consecutively enrolled. They had a face‐to‐face interview, completed self‐reported questionnaires to assess clinical characteristics and performed a video‐polysomnography in the Sleep Unit. Patients were then monitored at home during at least five consecutive nights using infrared‐triggered cameras. They completed a sleep diary and questionnaires to evaluate the number of parasomniac episodes at home and the acceptability of the home nocturnal infrared video recording. Behavioural analyses were performed on home nocturnal infrared video and video‐polysomnography recordings. Eight patients treated by clonazepam underwent a second home nocturnal infrared video recording during five consecutive days. All patients had at least one parasomniac episode during the home nocturnal infrared video monitoring, compared with 75% during the video‐polysomnography. A minimum of three consecutive nights with home nocturnal infrared video was required to record at least one parasomniac episode. Most patients underestimated the frequency of episodes on the sleep diary compared with home nocturnal infrared video. Episodes recorded at home were often more complex than those recorded during the video‐polysomnography. The user‐perceived acceptability of the home nocturnal infrared video assessment was excellent. The frequency and the complexity of the parasomniac episodes decreased with clonazepam. Home nocturnal infrared video has good feasibility and acceptability, and may improve the evaluation of the phenotype and severity of the non‐rapid eye movement parasomnias and of the treatment response in an ecological setting.

Idiopathic hypersomnia with a video recording of a spontaneous sleep attack: A case report

“…[ 13 ] Moreover, for other sleep-related disorders, home videos have been reported to be useful in evaluating the disease type, severity, and treatment effect in non REM-related parasomnia. [ 14 ] One area where video recording is more widely used is epilepsy, wherein long-term video electroencephalography (VEEG) has been incorporated into routine practice. [ 15 ] A case report differentiating epilepsy from narcolepsy using VEEG has been published.…”

Diagnosis and Management of NREM Sleep Parasomnias in Children and Adults

“…Furthermore, a closer cooperation with technical manufacturing companies will be necessary to develop medical devices specifically designed for this porpoise ( Box 1 ). In particular, it will be fundamental to improve motion tracking, to secure online data storage, to develop a dedicated software for scoring video events, and portable home-EEG devices coupled with infrared video cameras [ 80 ]. Body part recognition using multi-stage deep learning may also allow for the automatic evaluation of nocturnal behaviors, with results possibly even superior to human inspection.…”

“…Up to now, 2 single case reports highlighted the usefulness of monitoring nocturnal behaviors in adults with NREM sleep parasomnias with an infrared camera in the home environment for 5 and 2 weeks, respectively [ 21 , 79 ]. More recently, a study of 20 adults with frequent DoA episodes, recorded for at least 5 consecutive nights, confirmed a good feasibility, acceptability, and clinical value of home-video recordings in DoA [ 80 ]. An average of at least 3 nights was required to capture at least 1 event and events were usually more complex than those recorded during VPSG.…”

“…Only one study using an objective outcome (number of episodes captured with home-video recordings) has been conducted to date. This study suggested a reduction in the frequency of episodes in eight DoA patients treated with Clonazepam [ 80 ]. Treatment strategies currently available for DoA has been extensively reviewed elsewhere [ 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ].…”

Diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome using a risk score based on polysomnography sleep video recordings: a pilot study

“…The use of video recordings has already been assessed as a diagnosis tool for sleep conditions such as parasomnias [22]. Its application to pediatric OSDB has only been reported in two publications [18,23], of which only one was available by the time we started this work [18].…”