Home versus laboratory assessments of melatonin production and melatonin onset in young adults complaining of a delayed sleep schedule

Pelletier

Int J Community Med Public Health

2023

Background: Communication technologies are tremendously expanding and disturbing our lifestyles, especially those of adolescents. Their misuse has been associated with negative consequences for sleep quality and school performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between times spent using a device with a screen, the quality of sleep, and the associated factors. Methods: 657 students were enrolled from 22 secondary colleges in greater Beirut (Lebanon) to participate in a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The questionnaire was focused on the time spent on digital screens, lifestyle habits, sleep schedule, biometrics, and family data. SPSS 24 was used to analyse descriptive statistics, correlation and variance analysis. Results: 90% of students possess at least one screen in their bedroom. Mostly during weekdays, spending more than 4 hours daily in front of screens decreased duration and quality of sleep as well as the daytime fatigue, delayed bed time and increased low grades (p<0.05). This was significantly associated with having a screen device in the bedroom, using a screen before falling asleep, living in rich neighborhoods with a high family income, a divorced couple, and no extra-scholar sport. The average sleep duration of students was 6 hours 58 minutes during the week and 8 hours 55 minutes during the weekend trying to recover from sleep deprivation. Conclusions: The quality of sleep worsens with increasing levels of screen use. It is becoming imperative to develop prevention campaigns within colleges, and to foster rational use of screens that honors sleep hygiene.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Effect of screen time use and digital technology on sleep pattern in Lebanese college students

Pelletier

Int J Community Med Public Health

2023

“…The relationship between chronotype and sleep phenotype is less well-understood. Eveningness is associated with delayed sleep onset, as measured by both objective and subjective methods (Yadav and Singh, 2014;Van der Maren et al, 2018;Moderie et al, 2019). Evening orientation has also been associated with shorter sleep duration on work days and poorer sleep quality (Roepke and Duffy, 2010;Kim et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Quality, Sleep Structure, and PER3 Genotype Mediate Chronotype Effects on Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults

et al. 2020

Depression and its related mood disorders are a major global health issue that disproportionately affects young adults. A number of factors that influence depressive symptoms are particularly relevant to the young adult developmental stage, including sleep loss, poor sleep quality, and the tendency toward eveningness in circadian preferences. However, relatively few studies have examined the relationship between sleep and circadian phenotypes, and their respective influences on mood, or considered potential molecular mechanisms driving these associations. Here, we use a multi-year, cross-sectional study of 806 primarily undergraduates to examine the relationships between sleep-wake chronotype, sleep disturbance, depression and genotypes associated with the PER3 variable number of tandom repeats (VNTR) polymorphism-circadian gene variants associated with both chronotype and sleep homeostatic drive. In addition, we use objective, Fitbit-generated sleep structure data on a subset of these participants (n = 67) to examine the relationships between chronotype, depression scores, actual measures of sleep duration, social jetlag, and the percent of deep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep per night. In this population, chronotype is weakly associated with depressive symptoms and moderately correlated with self-reported sleep disturbance. Sleep disturbance is significantly associated with depression scores, but objective sleep parameters are not directly correlated with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) scores, with the exceptions of a moderate correlation between social jetlag and depression scores in females and a marginal correlation between sleep duration and depression scores. Multiple regression and path analyses reveal that chronotype effects on depressive symptoms in this population are mediated largely by sleep disturbance. The PER3 VNTR genotype significantly predicts depressive symptoms in a model with objective sleep parameters, but it does not significantly predict depressive symptoms in a model with chronotype or subjective sleep disturbance. Interestingly, PER3 5,5 genotypes, in males only, are independently related to chronotype and depression scores. Our results support hypotheses linking subjective sleep quality and chronotype and provide a first step in understanding how objective sleep structure may be linked to chronotype and depressive symptoms. Our results also suggest that circadian gene variants may show sex-specific effects linking sleep duration and sleep structure to depression.

“…This study is the fourth and last part of a larger research project and more details on subjects' selection can be found in the previous publications. [25][26][27] Subjects' characteristics are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Participants and Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Impact of Mandatory Wake Time on Sleep Timing, Sleep Quality and Rest-Activity Cycle in College and University Students Complaining of a Delayed Sleep Schedule: An Actigraphy Study</p>

Moderie¹,

Maren²,

Paquet

et al. 2020

NSS

Self Cite

Background: Individuals complaining of a delayed sleep schedule are expected to have shorter sleep duration and lower sleep quality when they must comply with morning obligations. The changes in the sleep schedule imposed by morning obligations may in turn decrease the stability and amplitude of their rest-activity cycle. These expectations were only partially supported in previous studies, possibly due to poor differentiation between days with mandatory or free wake times. Participants: Fourteen college/university students (8 women) with a complaint of a late sleep schedule and a bedtime after midnight were compared to fourteen controls with an earlier sleep schedule and no complaint. Methods: During a week of 24-h activity recording, participants specified in their sleep diary whether their wake time was free or determined by an obligation. Results: The number of nights with mandatory wake times was similar in the two groups. Groups were also similar for sleep duration and sleep quality over the 7 days of recording. Actigraphic sleep efficiency was the same in the two groups for both free and mandatory wake times, but subjective sleep quality decreased on the nights with mandatory wake time in both groups. On the nights with mandatory wake time, delayed participants had shorter sleep episodes and less total sleep time than controls. Rest-activity cycle amplitude was lower in the delayed group whether wake time was free or mandatory. Conclusion: Sleep duration and total sleep time differed between the two groups only when wake time was mandatory. Prior to mandatory wake times, delayed participants kept the same bedtime and shortened their sleep; sleep latency and sleep efficiency were preserved but subjective sleep quality and alertness on awakening decreased compared to nights with free wake time. Lower amplitude of the rest-activity cycle in delayed subjects may reflect lifestyle differences compared to control participants.