Homelessness and Substance Abuse: Which Comes First?

Johnson, Guy; Chamberlain, Chris

doi:10.1080/03124070802428191

Cited by 148 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In fact, although it is clear that some personal, family, or social characteristics can cause young people to adopt risky behaviors prior to the first episode of homelessness, it is increasingly evident that the latter can perpetuate or even amplify youths' risk behaviors. 31,57 The same is true for less precarious forms of housing situation that are nonetheless unstable and temporary. In a qualitative study of processes involved in the relationship between housing and HIV risk behaviors among active drug users, Dickson-Gomez and colleagues 61 showed that, like living on the streets, other forms of residential instability, namely those involving temporary shelter at friends' places and even more permanent arrangements without subsidies, can also be linked to higher odds of engaging in risk behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

et al. 2011

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Evidence has linked residential instability and engagement in high-risk behaviors. This paper longitudinally examines the relationship between changes in residential stability and changes in HIV risk behaviors among Montréal street youth (SY). Between April 2006 and May 2007, 419 SY (18-25 years old) were recruited in a cohort study. SY (using Montréal street youth agencies services) were eligible if they had had at least one 24-hour episode of homelessness in the previous 30 days. Baseline and follow-up interviews, carried out every 3 months, included completion of a questionnaire (based on Life History Calendar Technique) assessing daily sleeping arrangements since the last interview, and monthly sexual and drug use behaviors. Using mixed-effects logistic regression method, we examined the association between various risk behaviors and residential stability, reached when a youth resided in any of the following settings for a whole month: own place; friends'/partner's/parent's place; any types of housing service (excluding emergency shelters). Analyses were carried out controlling for gender, age, education level, lifetime duration of homelessness, childhood sexual trauma, and lifetime mental health disorders. This calls for more integrated services combining both individual and structural-level interventions to improve the health of street youth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

et al. 2011

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“…Here, homelessness constitutes an environment where drugs are readily available and their use is an accepted practice into which people may be socialized and/or pressured, and which may serve as a means of coping with an uncertain and chaotic lifestyle. [17][18][19] With evidence to support both theories, the presence of either homelessness or substance use clearly predisposes an individual to the other. 16,20 Indeed, substantial evidence documents many risk factors common to both.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18,21 Life experiences highly prevalent among both homeless populations 21 and dependent drug users 22 include childhood adversity, subsuming poor relationships with parents, neglect, physical and sexual abuse, and being forced or placed into care out of the home, [23][24][25][26] experiences which themselves contribute to the risk of concurrent and future mental health problems [27][28][29] ; early economic disadvantage; school expulsion and lack of academic qualifications 30 ; inadequate social networks; and offending behavior and incarceration. 31 Episodes of homelessness are longer, on average, for substance-dependent individuals, 17,32 suggesting that problematic drug use can operate as a barrier to exiting homelessness. 33 Likewise, in a longitudinal investigation of 1,327 people who inject drugs (PWID), unstable housing was associated with both longer times to achieve cessation of injecting and shorter periods to subsequently relapse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…58 Despite the scale of the issue and the targets set, many gaps remain in our knowledge of homelessness in Australia. Notably in this context, information on the prevalence of drug use among homeless people is substantial and clearly demonstrates a strong relationship, 10,12,14,15,17,59 yet data on homelessness among problem drug users are less readily available, having been collected only among restricted samples of drug users, such as those seeking treatment, 20 or participants of studies of HIV prevalence, incidence, and risk behaviors and risk reduction interventions. 34,48,[51][52][53] Since 1995, the Australian NSP Survey (ANSPS) has provided annual point prevalence estimates to monitor patterns of BBV infection and risk behaviors among needle and syringe program (NSP) clients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Housing Instability among People Who Inject Drugs: Results from the Australian Needle and Syringe Program Survey

et al. 2012

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“…La indigencia es causada por una compleja interacción entre factores individuales (donde se incluyen de manera prominente los trastornos psiquiátricos y el consumo de sustancias) y factores socio/estructurales (por ejemplo aculturación, falta de oportunidades de educación, de una red social de apoyo y de opciones de alojamiento accesibles) que contribuyen a la exclusión social de la persona, limitan su acceso a tratamiento y exacerban la sintomatología psiquiátrica y adictiva (Fazel, Geddes, & Kushel, 2014;Johnson & Chamberlain, 2008;Montross et al, 2005). Se ha documentado que la coocurrencia de los TCS con OTP está fuertemente asociada con la prolongación y persistencia de la indigencia; además de estar vinculada con condiciones adversas durante la infancia, la adquisición de enfermedades infeccio-sas y el inicio a edad temprana de la indigencia (Patterson, Somers, & Moniruzzman, 2012).…”

Section: Epidemiologíaunclassified

Patología dual en poblaciones especiales: una revisión narrativa

Szerman¹,

Marín-Navarrete²,

Fernández-Mondragón³

et al. 2015

RIIAD

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RESUMENIntroducción: la patología dual se refiere a la concurrencia de un trastorno por consumo de sustancias con otro trastorno psiquiátrico. Estudios epidemiológicos en población general reportan una alta prevalencia de patología dual. Sin embargo, la información disponible sobre el tema en poblaciones especiales es limitada. Objetivo: revisar la evidencia disponible sobre la epidemiología, la atención y los aspectos relevantes para la salud pública acerca de la patología dual en las siguientes poblaciones especiales: personas en situación de indigencia, en prisión, con VIH, VHB y VHC, mujeres y adultos mayores. Método: búsqueda en bases de datos bibliográficos (PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO y OVID) de reportes de investigación enfocados en la prevalencia y el tratamiento de patología dual en las poblaciones mencionadas. Resultados: la prevalencia de la patología dual se presenta de manera diferenciada en estas poblaciones, en comparación con la población general; además está altamente asociada con mayores tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. La mayoría de los estudios específicos sobre patología dual y las poblaciones especiales, tanto de epidemiología como de tratamientos, se ha realizado en países de alto ingreso. Discusión y conclusiones: se requiere de políticas públicas que contemplen la medición epidemiológica de la patología dual en estas poblaciones, sobre todo en países de mediano y bajo ingreso, e incluyan intervenciones integradas adecuadas a las necesidades específicas de cada población.Palabras clave: patología dual; grupos minoritarios; epidemiología; revisión. ABSTRACTBackground: dual disorders is a term that refers to the co-occurrence of a substance use disorder with other mental disorders. Epidemiological studies have reported a high prevalence of dual disorders in the general population. However, information on dual disorders in special population is limited. Objective: to give an overview of the available evidence on the epidemiology, care and other relevant aspects for public health of dual disorders in the following special populations: homeless, prison inmates, people with sexually-transmitted infections, and the elderly. Method: search in peer-review publication databases (PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO and OVID) for research reports on the epidemiology and treatment of dual pathology in the aforementioned populations. Results: prevalence of dual disorders in these populations appears to be different than in the general population; and it is highly associated with higher mortality and morbidity rates. The majority of studies aimed specifically on the epidemiology and treatment of dual disorders and special populations has been conducted in high-income countries. Discussion and conclusions: there is a need for public policies that consider the epidemiological assessment of dual disorders in special populations, specially in low-and middle-income countries, and include integrated care interventions adequate to the specific needs of each population.

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Homelessness and Substance Abuse: Which Comes First?

Cited by 148 publications

References 25 publications

Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

Residential Trajectory and HIV High-Risk Behaviors among Montréal Street Youth—A Reciprocal Relationship

Housing Instability among People Who Inject Drugs: Results from the Australian Needle and Syringe Program Survey

Patología dual en poblaciones especiales: una revisión narrativa

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