Homelessness, Cancer and Health Literacy: A Scoping Review

Lawrie, Karen; Charow, Rebecca; Giuliani, Meredith; Papadakos, Janet

doi:10.1353/hpu.2020.0010

Cited by 20 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(382 reference statements)

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“…These conditions are particularly relevant in the homeless population, as they are often diagnosed in a late stage and have a poor prognosis. [33][34][35] The prevalence of head and neck cancer in our study is similar to that found by Wu et al 8 (7%) and Moore and Durden 10 (9%), while Gurgel et al 12 cited a lower percentage (\1%), probably due to the significantly larger size of their sample.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of Otolaryngology Diseases in an Urban Homeless Population

Ralli

Marinelli

De-Giorgio

et al. 2021

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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Objective Otolaryngology diseases are common among people experiencing homelessness; however, they are seldom evaluated in a specialist setting, and investigations on their prevalence have rarely been conducted. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of otolaryngology conditions in an urban homeless population. Study Design Retrospective study. Setting Primary health care facility. Methods The clinical records of patients referred to the medical facilities of the Primary Care Services of the Eleemosynaria Apostolica, Vatican City, between October 1, 2019, and July 31, 2021, were retrospectively reviewed; those reporting at least 1 otolaryngology disease were included in the study. Results A total of 2516 records were retrospectively reviewed, and 484 (19.24%) were included in the study. The most common otolaryngology disease was pharyngotonsillitis (n = 118, 24.13%), followed by rhinitis with nasal obstruction (n = 107, 21.88%), hearing loss (n = 93, 19.01%), otitis (n = 81, 16.56%), abscess (n = 46, 9.40%), and sinusitis (n = 33, 6.74%). Head and neck cancer or precancerous lesions were reported in 34 subjects (7.02%). More than 1 simultaneous otolaryngology disorder was found in nearly 50% of our sample. A wide range of comorbidities was also reported. Conclusions Our results confirm an elevated otolaryngology demand in the homeless population and encourage the development of more efficient and effective strategies for a population-tailored diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of Otolaryngology Diseases in an Urban Homeless Population

Ralli

Marinelli

De-Giorgio

et al. 2021

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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“…Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge that there are certain instances where in-person contact with a service provider is most suitable. This is particularly important given that many homeless and street-involved populations lack access to and knowledge of technology [ 386 - 388 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Health Interventions for Delivery of Mental Health Care: Systematic and Comprehensive Meta-Review

Philippe¹,

Sikder²,

Jackson³

et al. 2022

JMIR Ment Health

147

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted mental health care delivery to digital platforms, videoconferencing, and other mobile communications. However, existing reviews of digital health interventions are narrow in scope and focus on a limited number of mental health conditions. Objective To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive systematic meta-review of the literature to assess the state of digital health interventions for the treatment of mental health conditions. Methods We searched MEDLINE for secondary literature published between 2010 and 2021 on the use, efficacy, and appropriateness of digital health interventions for the delivery of mental health care. Results Of the 3022 records identified, 466 proceeded to full-text review and 304 met the criteria for inclusion in this study. A majority (52%) of research involved the treatment of substance use disorders, 29% focused on mood, anxiety, and traumatic stress disorders, and >5% for each remaining mental health conditions. Synchronous and asynchronous communication, computerized therapy, and cognitive training appear to be effective but require further examination in understudied mental health conditions. Similarly, virtual reality, mobile apps, social media platforms, and web-based forums are novel technologies that have the potential to improve mental health but require higher quality evidence. Conclusions Digital health interventions offer promise in the treatment of mental health conditions. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, digital health interventions provide a safer alternative to face-to-face treatment. However, further research on the applications of digital interventions in understudied mental health conditions is needed. Additionally, evidence is needed on the effectiveness and appropriateness of digital health tools for patients who are marginalized and may lack access to digital health interventions.

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“…It should be noted that, similar to many other cancer research areas, research on palliative cancer care use in some populations that have been historically marginalized, such as AI/AN people and people experiencing homelessness, is scarce 120 . However, the available evidence indicates that these populations have limited access to palliative care and symptom management 120,127,128,129 …”

Section: Factors That Contribute To Cancer Disparities Across the Can...mentioning

confidence: 99%

American Cancer Society's report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2021

Islami

Guerra

Minihan

et al. 2021

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

179

121

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In this report, the authors provide comprehensive and up‐to‐date US data on disparities in cancer occurrence, major risk factors, and access to and utilization of preventive measures and screening by sociodemographic characteristics. They also review programs and resources that have reduced cancer disparities and provide policy recommendations to further mitigate these inequalities. The overall cancer death rate is 19% higher among Black males than among White males. Black females also have a 12% higher overall cancer death rate than their White counterparts despite having an 8% lower incidence rate. There are also substantial variations in death rates for specific cancer types and in stage at diagnosis, survival, exposure to risk factors, and receipt of preventive measures and screening by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location. For example, kidney cancer death rates by sex among American Indian/Alaska Native people are ≥64% higher than the corresponding rates in each of the other racial/ethnic groups, and the 5‐year relative survival for all cancers combined is 14% lower among residents of poorer counties than among residents of more affluent counties. Broad and equitable implementation of evidence‐based interventions, such as increasing health insurance coverage through Medicaid expansion or other initiatives, could substantially reduce cancer disparities. However, progress will require not only equitable local, state, and federal policies but also broad interdisciplinary engagement to elevate and address fundamental social inequities and longstanding systemic racism.

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Homelessness, Cancer and Health Literacy: A Scoping Review

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Prevalence of Otolaryngology Diseases in an Urban Homeless Population

Prevalence of Otolaryngology Diseases in an Urban Homeless Population

Digital Health Interventions for Delivery of Mental Health Care: Systematic and Comprehensive Meta-Review

American Cancer Society's report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2021

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