Homeostatic Plasticity of the Mammalian Neuromuscular Junction

Engisch, Kathrin L.; Wang, Xueyong; Rich, Mark M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-07167-6_5

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This suggests that compensatory plasticity is not present on this acute timescale at this age (Figure 5). This finding also argues against the expression of rapid forms of HP such as presynaptic HP (Davis, 2006;Engisch et al, 2022;Goel & Dickman, 2021). Together, our measures of excitability and input/output function of the PGNs after synaptic blockade did not support the expression of HP during embryonic development.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

“…Evidence for presynaptic HP has been shown in adult thoracic PGNs in response to an antibody-mediated perturbation of their synaptic input (Wang et al, 2010). The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) expresses this form of presynaptic HP in multiple species (Engisch et al, 2022;Goel & Dickman, 2021), and shares similarities with the SPN to PGN synaptic connection. However, we saw no evidence of such presynaptic HP in our work (Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Synaptic compensations can occur by alterations in neurotransmitter receptors (G. Turrigiano, 2012;G. G. Turrigiano et al, 1998), the driving force for synaptic currents (Gonzalez-Islas et al, 2010), or presynaptic neurotransmitter release (Davis, 2006;Engisch et al, 2022;Goel & Dickman, 2021). Compensatory changes in intrinsic membrane excitability, achieved by adjustments in overall function of ion channels, have also been described (Desai, 2003;Desai et al, 1999;O'Leary et al, 2013;G.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasticity in Preganglionic and Postganglionic Neurons of the Sympathetic Nervous System during Embryonic Development

Ratliff,

Pekala,

Wenner

2023

eNeuro

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Sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs) are the final output neurons from the central arm of the autonomic nervous system. Therefore, SPNs represent a crucial component of the sympathetic nervous system for integrating several inputs before driving the postganglionic neurons (PGNs) in the periphery to control end organ function. The mechanisms which establish and regulate baseline sympathetic tone and overall excitability of SPNs and PGNs are poorly understood. The SPNs are also known as the autonomic motoneurons (MNs) as they arise from the same progenitor line as somatic MNs that innervate skeletal muscles. Previously our group has identified a rich repertoire of homeostatic plasticity (HP) mechanisms in somatic MNs of the embryonic chick followingin vivosynaptic blockade. Here, using the same model system, we examined whether SPNs exhibit similar homeostatic capabilities to that of somatic MNs. Indeed, we found that after 2-d reduction of excitatory synaptic input, SPNs showed a significant increase in intracellular chloride levels, the mechanism underlying GABAergic synaptic scaling in this system. This form of HP could therefore play a role in the early establishment of a setpoint of excitability in this part of the sympathetic nervous system. Next, we asked whether homeostatic mechanisms are expressed in the synaptic targets of SPNs, the PGNs. In this case we blocked synaptic input to PGNsin vivo(48-h treatment), or acutelyex vivo, however neither treatment induced homeostatic adjustments in PGN excitability. We discuss differences in the homeostatic capacity between the central and peripheral component of the sympathetic nervous system.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasticity in Preganglionic and Postganglionic Neurons of the Sympathetic Nervous System during Embryonic Development

Ratliff,

Pekala,

Wenner

2023

eNeuro

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Neuromuscular Transmission in a Biological Context

Slater

2024

Comprehensive Physiology

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Neuromuscular transmission is the process by which motor neurons activate muscle contraction and thus plays an essential role in generating the purposeful body movements that aid survival. While many features of this process are common throughout the Animal Kingdom, such as the release of transmitter in multimolecular “quanta,” and the response to it by opening ligand‐gated postsynaptic ion channels, there is also much diversity between and within species. Much of this diversity is associated with specialization for either slow, sustained movements such as maintain posture or fast but brief movements used during escape or prey capture. In invertebrates, with hydrostatic and exoskeletons, most motor neurons evoke graded depolarizations of the muscle which cause graded muscle contractions. By contrast, vertebrate motor neurons trigger action potentials in the muscle fibers which give rise to all‐or‐none contractions. The properties of neuromuscular transmission, in particular the intensity and persistence of transmitter release, reflect these differences. Neuromuscular transmission varies both between and within individual animals, which often have distinct tonic and phasic subsystems. Adaptive plasticity of neuromuscular transmission, on a range of time scales, occurs in many species. This article describes the main steps in neuromuscular transmission and how they vary in a number of “model” species, including C. elegans , Drosophila , zebrafish, mice, and humans. © 2024 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 14:5641‐5702, 2024.

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