Homeostatic Responses to Acute Cold Exposure: Thermogenic Responses in Birds and Mammals

Horwitz, Barbara A

doi:10.1002/cphy.cp040116

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…During the range expansion of Sus scrofa from Southern Asia to the North, the most immediate challenge would have been the different temperature. Mammals will adjust blood flow to acclimate to extreme climate conditions (Jansky and Hart, 1968;Stocks et al, 2004;Horwitz, 2011). We identified genes affecting sinus rhythm (FXP2), along with genes involved artery development and embryonic heart tube development (JCAD and ZNF335), which are associated with the function of cardiovascular system.…”

Section: Candidate Genes Involved In Sus Scrofa Adaptive Radiation An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome evolution of Suidae: a looking glass of speciation and hybridization

Liu¹

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Liu, L. (2021). Genome evolution of Suidae: a looking glass of speciation and hybridization. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, the Netherlands Understanding the origin of species and biodiversity is one of the fundamental objectives in evolutionary biology. Developments in sequencing technology have revolutionized our understanding of evolutionary biology. In this thesis, with genomics information, I systematically describe the evolutionary history of the Suidae species and examine complex speciation scenarios with hybridization. In Chapter2, utilizing whole-genome sequence data, I show that pygmy hog should be classified into a distinct genus separated from other Suinae species, which initially emerged during the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. In this chapter, admixture analyses reveal at least two independent events of inter-species gene flow during wild boar range expansion across Eurasia. In Chapter3, I provide an in-depth analysis of the formation of the current pygmy hog population and demonstrated consequences of the historical demography. Our demographic analysis reveals that pygmy hog has remained at small population sizes with low genetic diversity since ~1 Mya. The long-term, extremely small population size may have constrained the purifying effect and led to the accumulation of genetic load. In Chapter 4, I present a chromosome level genome assembly of Visayan warty pig. The alignment of the Visayan warty pig assembly and Duroc pig assembly reveal a high degree of collinearity, but also chromosome fission and fusion. The similarity of the chromosome interaction maps may explain the absence of post-zygotic reproductive isolation among Sus species. Moreover, we investigated the evolution of olfactory and gustatory genes and report the genetic basis of species-specific sensation. In Chapter5, I describe a reference-guided assembly approach to generate genome sequences for three other Sus species and the outgroup species pygmy hog. With the near complete phylogenomic framework of Sus species, we were able to perform admixture analyses directly from genome sequences. We provide candidate genes that might have contributed to adaptive radiation and domestication of pigs. Together, thesis findings provide a comprehensive view of the evolutionary history of Suidae, describing species origin and demographic history afterwards. In this work I compared genome scale data from various pig species to refine the understanding of their evolutionary processes and provide new insights on the underlying genetic mechanism. Contents1. General introduction 2. Genomic analysis on pygmy hog (Porcula salvania) reveals multiple interbreeding during wild boar expansion 3. Genetic consequences of long-term small effective population size in the critically endangered pygmy hog 4. Genome assembly of Visayan warty pig (Sus cebifrons) provides insight into genome evolution of Sus during speciation 5. Sus reference-guided genome assemblies provide a high-resolution view of diversification, reticulation and adaptation during pig evolution

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Section: Candidate Genes Involved In Sus Scrofa Adaptive Radiation An...mentioning

confidence: 99%